“丝绸之路经济带”沿线国家贸易投资便利化水平时空分析

Time-and-space Analysis of the Level of Trade and Investment Facilitation in Countries along the Silk Road Economic Belt

贸易投资便利化是“丝绸之路经济带”建设的优先领域,也是全球经贸领域关注的热点问题。本文通过构建贸易投资便利化综合评价指标体系,运用主成分分析法对“丝绸之路经济带”沿线32个国家的贸易投资便利化水平进行了测度,揭示其时空特征:时间上,2009年—2018年沿线各国的贸易投资便利化水平有不同程度的提升;空间上,呈现出“欧洲最高,西亚较高,东亚、中亚和非洲较低,南亚最低”的空间特征。同时发现,沿线各国的便利化基础、国内外政治环境、经济发展水平及外交政策等因素是造成各国便利化水平时空差异的重要原因。因此,“丝绸之路经济带”沿线国家在开展经贸合作时应考虑地区差异,加快推进自贸区建设,推动沿线各国基础设施和营商环境改善,加强政策沟通,增进政治互信,为双多边经贸合作提供安全保障。

Trade and investment facilitation is a priority area for the construction of the Silk Road Economic Belt,and it is also a hot issue in the field of global trade and economic affairs.This paper constructs a set of trade and investment facilitation index system to measure the level of facilitation by using the principal component analysis method,reveals the space-time characteristics of trade and investment facilitation of 32 countries along the Silk Road Economic Belt.In time,2009—2018,the level of trade and investment facilitation in countries along the route has been improved to varying degrees.In space,it shows the spatial features of"Europe is the highest,West Asia is higher,East Asia,Central Asia and Africa are lower,and South Asia is the lowest".At the same time,it finds that factors such as the facilitation foundation,domestic and foreign political environment,economic development level and foreign policy of countries along the belt and Road are the important reasons for the temporal and spatial differences in facilitation levels among countries.Therefore,when carrying out economic and trade cooperation,countries along the Silk Road Economic Belt should take into account regional differences,accelerate the construction of free trade zones,promote the improvement of infrastructure and business environment,strengthen policy communication,enhance political mutual trust,and provide security guarantee for bilateral and multilateral economic and trade cooperation.