拟康宁木霉T-51促进西瓜种子萌发效果

Effects of Watermelon Seed Germination Promotion by Trichoderma koningiopsis T-51

以小果型西瓜"黑津"种子及大果型西瓜"双色冰淇淋"种子为试材,采用单因素变量法,初步优化了小果型西瓜种子萌发的温度条件,并研究了生防真菌拟康宁木霉T-51促进西瓜种子萌发的效果,以期为提高不同类型西瓜种子萌发提供参考依据。结果表明:与普通西瓜种子萌发温度条件不同,小果型西瓜适宜更温暖的萌发环境,以30~35℃浸种,32~34℃下催芽萌发效果最佳。在西瓜种子催芽前,用浓度为1×107个孢子·mL-1的拟康宁木霉T-51孢子液浸种8~10 h,处理后的"黑津"西瓜种子发芽势提高至59%,与对照相比发芽指数(GI)和活力指数(VI)分别提高了14.12%和25.17%;处理后的"双色冰淇淋"10年陈种子发芽势从13%提高至29%,与对照相比GI和VI分别提高了48.61%和103.73%,促进萌发效果非常明显。上述结果表明,在开展西瓜早熟栽培育苗时,添加拟康宁木霉T-51孢子液浸种,可加速西瓜种子的萌发,提高种子活力,有利于促进西瓜出苗整齐,培育壮苗,节省人工及设施成本的投入。使用拟康宁木霉T-51还可以有效促进西瓜陈种萌发,对西瓜种质资源复苏,提高种子利用率有重要意义。

Seeds of a small fruit watermelon cultivar ‘Heijin’ and a big fruit watermelon cultivar ‘Shuangsebingqilin’ were used as test materials,using single factor variable method,the temperature condition for small fruit watermelon seed germination was preliminarily optimized and the effect of biological control fungus Trichoderma koningiopsis T-51 on the germination of watermelon seeds was evaluated.The results showed the small fruit watermelon was preferred to germinating better in warm conditions,the seed soaking at 30-35 ℃,and germinating at 32-34 ℃ get the best germination.The watermelon seeds soaked in 1×107 conidia·mL-1 of T-51 conidia suspension for 8-10 hours,the germinative energy of ‘Heijin’ seed was up to 59% when T-51 treated,and the germination index(GI) and seed vigor index(VI) were increased by 14.12% and 25.17%,respectively.The germinative energy of ‘Shuangsebingqilin’ 10-year-old seed was increased from 13% to 29% after T-51 treated,and the GI and VI were increased by 48.61% and 103.73%,respectively,which showed significantly promotion.The above results indicated that,in early maturing cultivation of watermelon,using T.koningiopsis T-51 conidia suspension to soak watermelon seed could accelerate seed germination,increase seed vigor,make the seedling growth tidy and strong,and save labor and cost.These results also indicated that T-51 could promote watermelon old seed germination,which was important for the recovery of watermelon genitive resources and the improvement of seeds utilization.