血液科住院患者院内感染的危险因素分析

Analysis of risk factors of nosocomial infection in hospitalized patients of hematology department

目的探讨血液科住院患者院内感染的危险因素。方法回顾性分析2018年9月至2019年9月我院血液科收治的338例住院患者的临床资料,根据是否发生院内感染将其分为感染组(59例)和对照组(279例)。分析感染组患者院内感染部位及病原菌分布情况;比较感染组与对照组患者的一般资料;分析血液科住院患者院内感染的危险因素。结果感染组肺部感染所占比例最大,为44.07%,其次是上呼吸道感染,占15.25%。总计培养出细菌株数为92株,其中革兰氏阴性菌63株,占68.48%,革兰氏阳性菌29株,占31.52%。年龄≥48岁、糖尿病史、联合化疗及中性粒细胞缺乏时间≥7 d是血液科住院患者院内感染的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论年龄≥48岁、合并糖尿病、联合化疗及中性粒细胞缺乏时间≥7d是血液科住院患者院内感染的独立危险因素。

Objective To investigate the risk factors of nosocomial infection in hospitalized patients of hematology department.Methods The clinical data of 338 hospitalized patients in hematology department of our hospital from September 2018 to September 2019 were retrospectively analyzed.According to the occurrence of nosocomial infection,the patients were divided into infection group(59 cases)and control group(279 cases).The nosocomial infection site and pathogen distribution of the patients in the infection group were analyzed;the general information of the patients in the infection group and the control group was compared;and the risk factors of nosocomial infection in hospitalized patients of hematology department were analyzed.Results The infection group had the largest proportion of pulmonary infection,accounting for 44.07%,followed by upper respiratory tract infections,accounting for 15.25%.A total of 92 bacterial strains were cultivated,of which 63 strains were gram-negative bacteria,accounting for 68.48%,and 29 strains were grampositive bacteria,accounting for 31.52%.The age≥48 years old,history of diabetes,combined chemotherapy and neutropenia time≥7 d were independent risk factors for nosocomial infection in hospitalized patients of hematology department(P<0.05).Conclusion The age≥48 years,combined with diabetes mellitus,combined chemotherapy and neutropenia time≥7 d were independent risk factors for nosocomial infection in hospitalized patients of hematology department.