土地利用变化对生态系统服务价值的影响研究——以广西龙胜县为例

Study on the Influence of Land Use Change on the Value of Ecosystem Services--Taking Longsheng County in Guangxi as an Example

生态系统服务功能对于生态平衡、生物多样性保护、国土生态安全及全球气候变化等方面具有重要作用,土地利用变化与生态服务价值影响问题值得探讨,研究选取龙胜2009年、2014年、2019年三期的遥感影像数据,利用GIS与遥感技术分析10年间龙胜的土地利用转移情况,运用价值当量表与格网单元估算生态系统服务价值,并对生态系统损益情况、敏感性、生态服务强度进行分析。结果显示:从土地利用类型数量看,2009-2019年建设用地、林地和水域面积分别增加1217.502 hm^2、19007.377 hm^2、178.9090 hm^2,耕地面积减4157.9697 hm^2;从生态服务价值总量来看,在研究期间生态系统服务价值总体呈上升的趋势且生态服务价值正向流动大于负向流动;从敏感性的角度分析,弹性系数<1,研究结果可信;基于格网单元研究龙胜生态服务强度,总体呈增加趋势。

Ecosystem service function plays an important role in ecological balance,biodiversity protection,land ecological security and global climate change.The impact of land use change and ecological service value is worth discussing.This paper selects the remote sensing image data of Longsheng in 2009,2014 and 2019 to analyze the land use transfer of Longsheng in 10 years by using GIS and remote sensing technology.In addition,the value equivalent table and grid unit were used to estimate the value of ecosystem services,and the profit and loss,sensitivity and intensity of ecosystem services were analyzed.The results showed that:in terms of the number of land use types,the construction land,forest land and water area increased by 1217.502 hm^2,19007.377 hm^2 and 178.9090 hm^2 respectively from 2009 to 2019,and the cultivated land area decreased by 4157.9697 hm^2.From the perspective of the total value of ecosystem services,the total value of ecosystem services showed an upward trend during the study period,and the positive flow of ecosystem service value was greater than the negative flow;from the perspective of sensitivity,the elastic coefficient was less than 1,the research results were credible;based on the grid unit,the ecological service intensity of Longsheng showed an increasing trend.