慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期下呼吸道感染病原菌及敏感性分析

Analysis of Pathogenic Bacteria and Sensitivity of Lower Respiratory Tract Infection in Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

目的探究慢阻肺急性加重期下呼吸道感染患者其病原菌分布,并对其敏感性予以分析。方法方便抽选于该院2019年1月—2020年1月接受治疗的急性加重期慢阻肺伴下呼吸道感染患者130例作为研究对象,对其痰液进行细菌培养,分析病原菌分布,并以临床常用药分析病原菌对药物的敏感性,归纳总结诱发慢阻肺下呼吸道感染的相关因素。结果该次共分离病原菌102株,其中革兰氏阴性菌79株,占比77.45%,尤其铜绿假单胞菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、大肠埃希菌最多;革兰氏阳性菌20株,占比19.61%,以肺炎链球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌最多;真菌3株,占比2.94%。药敏结果所示,对哌拉西林钠他唑巴坦钠、阿米卡星敏感性较高,对左氧氟沙星、环丙沙星、头孢类药物敏感性较低。分析相关因素结果所示,机械通气、住院时间、留置胃管均会增高患者患慢阻肺的风险,而与患者性别、年龄无相关。结论急性加重期慢阻肺合并下呼吸道感染患者病原菌主要为铜绿假单胞菌、肺炎克雷伯菌等,且对部分药物敏感性较高,临床治疗患者期间应做好药敏实验,确保治疗药物合理性,促进患者更快恢复健康。

Objective To explore the distribution of pathogenic bacteria in patients with lower respiratory tract infection during acute exacerbation of COPD,and to analyze its sensitivity.Methods A selection of 130 patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and lower respiratory tract infection who were treated in the hospital from January 2019 to January 2020 were convenienty selected as the research objects.The sputum was cultured for bacteria,and the distribution of pathogenic bacteria was analyzed.Analyze the sensitivity of pathogenic bacteria to drugs,summarize and summarize the related factors that induce COPD lower respiratory tract infection.Results A total of 102 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated this time,of which 79 were Gram-negative bacteria,accounting for 77.45%,especially Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Klebsiella pneumonia,and Escherichia coli were the most;20 Gram-positive bacteria,accounted for 19.61%,with Streptococcus pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus the most;and 3 fungi,accounting for 2.94%.The drug sensitivity results showed that the sensitivity to piperacillin sodium tazobactam sodium and amikacin was relatively high,and the sensitivity to levofloxacin,ciprofloxacin,and cephalosporins was relatively low.Analysis of related factors showed that mechanical ventilation,length of hospital stay,and indwelling gastric tube all increase the risk of COPD,but there was no relationship with the patient’s gender and age.Conclusion The pathogenic bacteria in patients with acute exacerbation of COPD and lower respiratory tract infection are mainly Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae,and they were highly sensitive to some drugs.Drug sensitivity tests should be done during clinical treatment of patients to ensure treatment The rationality of the medicine promotes the faster recovery of patients.