流感疫苗联合23价肺炎疫苗在老年人群中的应用效果及评价

Application and Evaluation of Influenza Vaccine Combined With 23-valent Pneumonia Vaccine in the Elderly

目的研究通过为老年人接种流感疫苗对流感进行预防的方法,对老年人接种疫苗后减少的就诊次数、住院次数以及接种后不良反应的发生率进行统计,分析疫苗的应用效果,从而选择更优接种方案。方法从社区2016年7月—2018年7月间收治的老年患者中抽取60例,根据随机分组的方法(单双数各为一组)分成两组,每组30例,分为观察组和对照组,观察组采用联合接种23价肺炎疫苗及流感疫苗的方法,对照组采用单纯接种流感疫苗的方法,对两组老年人进行观察追踪1年,对接种疫苗后减少的就诊次数、住院次数以及接种后不良反应(乏力、头疼)的发生率进行比较分析。结果观察组接种疫苗后减少的就诊次数、住院次数远远低于对照组,组间比较之后,发现组间差异具有统计学意义,P<0.05。两组患者的不良反应发生概率比较,P>0.05,观察组患者的流感发生率以及肺炎发生率低于对照组,P<0.05。结论流感疫苗联合23价肺炎疫苗接种不仅可以有效减少就诊及住院次数,还可以有效的降低流感以及肺炎的发生率。

Objective To study the method of preventing influenza by vaccinating the elderly with influenza vaccine,and to analyze the number of visits,hospitalizations and the incidence of adverse reactions after vaccination in the elderly,and to analyze the effect of vaccine application.Choose a better vaccination plan.Methods 60 cases were selected from the elderly patients admitted in the community from July 2016 to July 2018,and divided into two groups according to the random grouping method(one group for odd and even numbers),30 cases in each group,divided into observation group and In the control group,the observation group was combined with 23-valent pneumonia vaccine and influenza vaccine,and the control group was inoculated with influenza vaccine alone.The two groups of elderly people were observed and tracked for 1 year.The number of visits and hospitalizations decreased after vaccination.The incidence of adverse reactions(fatigue,headache)after vaccination was compared and analyzed.Results The reduction in the number of visits and hospitalizations in the observation group after vaccination was much lower than that in the control group.After comparison between the groups,the difference between the groups was found to be statistically significant,P<0.05.Comparison of the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups of patients,P>0.05,the incidence of influenza and pneumonia in the observation group were lower than those of the control group,P<0.05.Conclusion The combination of influenza vaccine and 23-valent pneumonia vaccination can not only effectively reduce the number of visits and hospitalizations,but also effectively reduce the incidence of influenza and pneumonia.