深圳市重点传染病指数的设计与常态化应用

Design and regular application of major infectious disease indices in Shenzhen

自2015年起,作为深圳深化医药卫生体制改革、强化公共卫生体系建设的重要举措,深圳市疾病预防控制中心通过对近10年重点传染病监测数据的系统分析,首次设计制订了以流感指数为代表的四类重点传染病指数。该指数体系的建立让复杂的监测数据有效转化为简单易懂的风险等级,不仅有效地宣传普及了健康知识,而且促进和培养了市民的健康行为。重点传染病指数由高到低可划分为Ⅰ级(极易发生)、Ⅱ级(易发生)、Ⅲ级(较易发生)、Ⅳ级(较少发生)4个风险等级。截至2020年7月31日,该指数已累计发布480余期,其中流感指数281期,登革热指数57期,感染性腹泻易感指数50期,手足口病易感指数92期。四类指数的风险等级以Ⅲ级、Ⅳ级为主,占82.1%(394/480),而且预报一致率较高达70%以上,具有良好的疾病预警预报作用。据广东省接种剂次月报表数据,2015年3月发布流感指数后,全市流感疫苗接种由2014年的259039剂次增加至2019年的806240剂次,上升211.2%,节约医疗费用近2亿元,具有明显的社会和经济效益。重点传染病指数的构建有效地提升为人民健康服务的质量,助力“健康中国”的建设,先后获得“党建杯”创新大赛一等奖及深圳市医疗卫生机构十大改革创新案例提名奖。

Since 2015,as an important measure for deepening the reform of medical and health system,and strengthening the construction of public health system,Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention have designed and released the‘Four health indices’with flu index as representative for the first time by conducting a systematic analysis of surveillance data of key infectious diseases forthe past 10 years.With establishment of this index system,complicated surveillance data can be transferred to simple and plain risk stratification system.In this way,not only has health knowledge been effectively propagandized,but also the public health behavior of citizens has been promoted.Up to 31 July 2020,the cumulative released times of flu index,dengue fever index,susceptibility indices of infectious diarrhea and hand-foot-and-mouth disease were 281,57,50 and 92,respectively.The risk levels of the‘four health indices’were mainly levelⅢandⅣ,accounting for 82.1%(394/480).The‘four health indices'were basically consistent with the prevalence of target infectious diseases with high forecast consistency rate of up to 70%.It has performed well for early precaution and forecasting.Based on next month report for vaccination in Guangdong province,after the release of flu index in March 2015,number of vaccination was increased from 259039 times in 2014 to 806240 times in 2019 with an increase of 211.2%and a saveup of 200 million yuan in medical cost,which has shown considerable social and economic benefits.The construction of key infectious diseases effectively paved the way for serving people’s health,and promoting the building of“healthy China”,which has won the first prize in the“party building cup”creativity contest and nomination for the ten reform creative cases proposed by health institutions in Shenzhen city,consecutively.