2019年云南文山州草地贪夜蛾发生及防控对策初探

Occurrence and Control of Spodoptera Exigua(Hübner)in Grassland of Wenshan in 2019

【目的】为有效指导开展草地贪夜蛾监测防控,提高防治效果,【方法】采用了普遍调查和定点监测调查,性诱捕器和杀虫灯诱杀物理防治、化学农药及生物农药药剂防治试验示范,【结果】基本查清文山州2019年3月至9月草地贪夜蛾发生面积6.7万hm2,占全州玉米播种面积近40%,发生严重地块玉米每百株虫量60头,为害株率几近100%;物理防治方法中性诱捕器防治效果好,在5县市140 hm2面积示范,防治效果达77.8%;采用杀虫灯防治效果较差,在4县613.3 hm2面积示范,防治效果仅为48%。选用15种化学农药和生物农药进行药剂拌种、叶面喷雾试验,结果化学农药叶面喷雾防治效果好,防效均达88.6%以上,生物农药叶面喷雾防治效果次之,其中甘蓝夜蛾核型多角体病毒悬浮剂防效达90%,高巧等5种药剂拌种平均防效仅为12%;选用19种化学农药和生物农药进行叶面喷雾防治示范,平均防效达80.8%。【意义】研究结果对文山州进一步开展草地贪夜蛾发生规律及防控提供理论和数据支持。

[Purposes]Study was designed and conducted to effectively guide the monitoring and control against the moth in the grassland so as to improve the control effect.[Methods]The general investigation and the fixed location monitoring,the physical control like sexual traps and light traps,as well as chemical pesticides and biological pesticides were used to kill insects in the control experiments and demonstrations.[Findings]The basic results were as follows:From March,2019 to September,the moth occurrence area of 67000 hm2 was found in Wenshan,occupying nearly 40%of its corn planting area.In serious plots,the insect quantity reached 60 heads per hundred corn plants,and the harm strain rate was close to 100%.The prevention and control effects of physical prevention like neutral sexual traps were good,which,after the 140 hm^2 area demonstration in 5 counties and cities,the prevention and control effects reached 77.8%.However,the control effects of insecticide-treated lamps were poor.In the area of 613.3 hm^2 in 4 counties,the lamp control effects showed only 48%.15 kinds of chemical pesticides and biological pesticide agents were chosen for seed dressing and foliar spray test,and it was found that the prevention and control effects of chemical pesticide spraying on the leaves were good,with the average reaching above 88.6%.The control effects of biological pesticide foliar spray took the second place,of which the control effects of the cabbage moth karyotype polygonal body virus suspending agent reached 90%;the average control effects of other five kinds of medicament seed dressing reached only 12%;19 kinds of chemical and biological pesticides were used for leaf spray demonstration,with an average control effect of 80.8%.[Significances]Results of this study provided theoretical and data supports for further development of the regularity,prevention and control of the moth in Wenshan Prefecture.