天津市滨海新区中新天津生态城中小学生屈光现况及影响因素的研究

Refractive status and its influencing factors among primary and middle school students in Sino-Singapore Tianjin Eco-City,Binhai New Area,Tianjin

目的了解天津市滨海新区中新天津生态城中小学生屈光发育现况,探讨该地区中小学生近视发生发展的规律及影响因素。方法采用横断面研究,对滨海新区中新天津生态城6~17岁中小学生3462人,分别进行眼部屈光检查及近视相关因素问卷调查,调查问卷主要内容为:家族史、户外活动时间、电子产品使用时间等,数据录入Excel软件,使用SPSS22.0进行统计分析。结果该区中小学生近视患病率随年龄增加逐渐增高,其中女生患病率高于男生(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示有近视家族史的学生患病率较高;长时间使用电子产品,户外活动时间减少及在交通工具上看书均会导致近视患病率升高。结论天津市滨海新区中新天津生态城中小学生屈光不正的主要类型为近视,总的近视患病率32.29%;近视相关因素中,父母亲近视和长时间使用电子产品均能增加近视患病率;而增加户外活动时间,有助于降低近视患病率。

Objective To investigate the current status of refractive development among primary and middle school students in Sino-Singapore Tianjin Eco-City,Binhai New Area of Tianjin(SSTEC-BNAT),and to understand the development and influencing factors of myopia in primary and middle school students in this region.Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among 3462 primary and middle school students aged 6 to 17 years old in SSTEC-BNAT.An optometry for refractive status and a questionnaire survey on myopia-related factors were conducted.The questionnaire survey chiefly covered family history,hours spent on outdoor activities,and hours spent on electronic product use.The collected data were input into Excel spreadsheets and processed statistically using SPSS22.0.Results The prevalence of myopia in primary and middle school students in this area gradually increased with age,and was higher in girls than in boys(P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that the prevalence of myopia was higher in students with a family history.Prolonged use of electronic products,fewer hours of outdoor activities,and reading on vehicles were associated with higher prevalence of myopia.Conclusion Myopia is the common type of refractive error among primary and middle school students in SSTEC-BNAT,accounting for 32.29%of all cases.Among the related factors of myopia,parental myopia and prolonged use of electronic products are linked to higher prevalence of myopia,whereas more hours spent on outdoor activities would help reduce myopia.