高龄二产产妇妊娠特点及新生儿结局分析

Analysis of pregnancy characteristics and neonatal outcomes of elderly second borns women

目的探讨高龄二产产妇妊娠特点及新生儿结局,为高龄产妇进行科学的围生期指导及二产新生儿临床救治提供参考依据。方法选取2018年1-5月在该院进行常规体检并二产分娩的产妇604例,根据产妇年龄≥35岁为高龄组(126例),<35岁为非高龄组(478例),比较两组产妇妊娠特点及新生儿结局。结果两组胎龄、剖宫产率、Apgar评分及出生体质量差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。高龄组产妇年龄、生育间隔及出血量均较非高龄组高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。高龄组产妇妊娠期高血压、脐带扭转、胎位不正的发生率较非高龄组高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。高龄组新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征、新生儿动脉导管未闭发生率高于非高龄组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。其他新生儿疾病如早产、新生儿窒息、先天畸形、巨大儿、小于胎龄儿等两组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论高龄二产产妇所面临的妊娠风险主要是妊娠期高血压,做好妊娠期正规产检,加强妊娠期高血压的精细化管理,是降低高龄二产产妇妊娠风险及新生儿不良结局的重要手段。

Objective To explore the pregnancy characteristics and neonatal outcomes of elderly second borns women,and provide reference for scientific perinatal guidance and clinical treatment of second borns neonates for elderly maternal.Methods A total of 604 partum women who underwent routine physical examination and had second borns were selected from January to May 2018 in this hospital.According to the maternal age≥35 years old,126 cases were in the elderly group,and 478 cases<35 years old were in the non-elderly group.The pregnancy characteristics and neonatal outcomes of the two groups were compared.Results There were no significant difference in gestational age,cesarean section rate,Apgar score and birth weight between the two groups(P>0.05).The mother′s age,birth interval and blood loss in the elderly group were significant higher than those in the non-elderly group(P<0.05).The incidence of hypertension during pregnancy,umbilical cord torsion,and fetal position in the elderly group were significant higher than that in the non-elderly group(P<0.05).The incidence of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome and patent ductus arteriosus in the elderly group were significant higher than that in the non-elderly group(P<0.05).Other neonatal diseases such as premature birth,neonatal asphyxia,congenital malformations,macrosomia,and small-for-gestational age infants were not significantly different between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion The pregnancy risk faced by second borns women of advanced age is mainly hypertension during pregnancy.Doing a good job of regular pregnancy check-ups and strengthening the refined management of hypertensive diseases during pregnancy are important means to reduce the pregnancy risk and adverse neonatal outcomes of elderly second borns women.