牛背梁自然保护区主要林木害虫

Main Forest Pests Attacking Trees in Niubeiliang Nature Reserve

在实地调查和查阅文献资料基础上,提出牛背梁自然保护区主要害虫有15种、偶尔危害者有9种,其中13种在全国范围内属于危险性害虫;主要害虫中,落叶松叶蜂和华山松大小蠹危害性最大,银杏大蚕蛾、舞毒蛾、栓皮栎波尺蛾、松褐天牛等危害性次之;根据为害状和被害林相反应,林区主要害虫可分为易察知和难察知两类;害虫监测与防治除关注易察知害虫危害和发生动态外,还应重点调查和了解难察知种的发生和危害,避免难察知种类暴发成灾,尽量选用生物制剂、天敌或人工物理等措施进行防治。

The main species of forest pests in Niubeiliang Nature Reserve(NNR)were identified on the basis of scientific monitoring and prevention and control management.The results showed that there are 15 main species,out of which 9 species occasionally damage the trees.Thirteen of these species are ranked as hazardous species nationwide.Pristiphora erichsonii and Dendroctonus armandi are the most endangers,followed by Dictyoploca japonica,Lymantria dispar,Larerannis filipjevi and Monochamus alternates.According to the pest characteristics and the reaction of the affected forest is obvious or not obvious,the main pests in forest region were divided into two types:easy-to-see and difficult-to-see.The monitoring investigation,prevention and control should not only focus on those easy-to-see but also those difficult-to-see species in order to avoid the outbreak of pests.The control methods should give consideration of biological agent,or natural enemies or artificial and manual measures.