变电站全站设备故障声学成像检测系统的研制

Development of an Acoustic Imaging System for Fault Detection of All the Equipment of a Substation

电力设备的声信号中包含着丰富的振动和放电等信息,是分析设备运行状态的一项重要指标。针对现有的电力设备声音检测技术需要在单一设备上安装声音传感器且无法实现声源定位功能等问题,基于声波信号分析,提出了一种低成本和高可靠性的变电站全站设备故障声学成像检测方法及预警系统。系统通过非接触式的声波传感器采集设备振动源发出的机械波,利用可控响应功率(SRP)算法建立不同工况及故障条件下的特征图谱,最终通过峰值搜索确定声波源位置,实现对电力设备振动源的声学成像。现场测试结果表明,系统检测精度高,并能够显著提高巡检效率。

Abundant vibration and discharge information contained in the acoustic signal of power equipment is an important index for the analysis of equipment operating status.As the existing acoustic detection technology for electrical equipment requires that a sound sensor should be installed on a single unit,but sound localization function still cannot be realized,a low-cost high-reliability acoustic imaging detection method and early warning system were proposed for all the equipment at a substation on the basis of acoustic signal analysis.Through a non-contact acoustic sensor,this system collected the mechanical waves emitted by the vibration source of the equipment,and characteristic spectrums under different operating states and fault conditions were established through the steered response power(SRP)algorithm.Finally,the position of the acoustic wave source was determined through peak search to realize acoustic imaging of the vibration source of electrical equipment.Field test results showed that the proposed system had a high detection accuracy and could remarkably raise the efficiency of touring inspection.