新生育政策下0~3岁儿童母亲孕婴保健“知信行”现状调查与分析

Investigation and Analysis on the Maternal and Child Health Care“Knowledge,Belief and Practice”Status Quo of the Mothers of Children Aged from 0 to 3 Years Old Under the New Fertility Policy

目的了解成都市0~3岁儿童母亲的孕婴保健知识“知信行”现状并分析其影响因素,为开展妇幼保健健康教育工作提供基础数据,促进儿童母亲母婴健康素养提升,提高妇幼健康水平。方法根据《母婴健康素养55条》设计调查问卷,通过分层随机抽样在成都市3个主城区和2个郊县共5家社区卫生服务中心,对接受儿保服务的0~3岁儿童母亲进行面对面问卷调查。利用百分数、均数、2检验、多元回归分析等方法对数据进行统计描述和推断。结果0~3岁儿童母亲的孕婴保健知识总知晓率为49.4%。农村户籍儿童母亲的孕婴保健知识知晓良好率是城市户籍母亲的3.367倍。≥35岁儿童母亲的孕婴保健知识知晓良好率是30~35岁年龄段母亲的6.25倍。从医儿童母亲的孕婴保健知识知晓良好率是其他行业母亲的3.69倍。结论成都市0~3岁儿童母亲的母婴保健知识知晓率偏低。妇幼保健工作中应探索有效的母婴保健知识宣教途径,提高母婴保健健康教育效果,改善儿童母亲的母婴保健行为,为保障母婴健康奠定良好基础。

Objective To investigate the maternal and child health care“knowledge,belief and practice”status quo of the mothers of children aged from 0 to 3 years old in Chengdu city and analyze the influencing factors so as to promote the mothers'improvement of maternal and child health literacy and improve the health level of women and children by providing the basic data for the development of maternal and child health education.Methods The questionnaire was designed according to Mother and Child Health Regulations 55.The stratified random sampling method was used to conduct a face-to-face questionnaire among the mothers of children aged from 0 to 3 years old in the five community health service centers of 3 main urban areas and 2 suburban counties in Chengdu city.The data were statistically described and analyzed by means of the percentage,means,Chi-square test and binary regression analysis.Results The total awareness rate of maternal and child health knowledge of the mothers of children aged from 0 to 3 years old was 49.4%.The good rate of awareness of maternal and child health care knowledge of the mothers with the rural household registration was 3.367 times as many as that of those with the urban household registration,that of the mothers no less than 35 years old was 6.25 times as many as that of the mothers between 30 and 35 years old,and that of the mothers working in the medical industry was 3.69 times as many as that of the mothers working in the other industries.Conclusion The awareness rate of maternal and child health knowledge of the mothers of the children aged from 0 to 3 years old is low in Chengdu.More effective ways of propaganda and education should be explored in the work of maternal and child health care,improve the effect of maternal and child health care education and improve the mothers'behaviors of maternal and child health care so as to lay a good foundation for the protection of maternal and child health.