圈养东北虎丰容效果评估研究

Study on the valuation of captive Amur tiger’s enrichment effect

为了探究评估圈养东北虎丰容效果,对三明市动物园饲养的2只东北虎(雄虎003和雌虎005)进行豪猪粪便、含稻草纸箱和纸盒藏食丰容试验,采用瞬时扫描取样法观察记录3种丰容对2只东北虎各种行为的影响。结果表明:雄虎003的运动行为增加,其中在含稻草纸箱丰容前后差异显著(P<0.05),在豪猪粪便丰容前后和纸盒藏食丰容前后差异不显著(P>0.05);雌虎005的运动行为增加,其中在豪猪粪便丰容前后和含稻草纸箱丰容前后差异显著(P<0.05),在纸盒藏食丰容前后差异不显著(P>0.05)。雄虎003的休息行为减少,其中在含稻草纸箱丰容前后差异显著(P<0.05);在豪猪粪便丰容前后和纸盒藏食丰容前后差异不显著(P>0.05);雌虎005的休息行为减少,在3种丰容前后差异显著(P<0.05)。雄虎003和雌虎005的摄食行为在纸盒藏食丰容前后差异极显著(P<0.01);在豪猪粪便丰容前后和含稻草纸箱丰容前后差异不显著(P>0.05)。雄虎003的其它行为在3种丰容前后差异不显著(P>0.05);雌虎005的其它行为在含稻草纸箱丰容前后差异显著(P<0.05),在豪猪粪便丰容前后和纸盒藏食丰容前后差异不显著(P>0.05)。本研究中的丰容试验对三明市动物园圈养的2只东北虎行为有明显的改善作用。

In order to explore and evaluate the environmental enrichment effect of captive Amur tigers,two Amur tigers(male tiger003 and female tiger 005)raised in Sanming zoo were tested for the environmental enrichment of porcupine feces,carton containing straw and carton storage food.The effects of three kinds of environmental enrichment on the behaviors of two Amur tigers were observed and recorded by instantaneous scanning sampling method.The results showed that the exercise behavior of male tiger 003 increased,and the difference was significant before and after the straw-containing carton was enriched(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference before and after the porcupine feces were enriched and the carton was stored with food(P>0.05).The exercise behavior of female tiger 005 increased,with significant difference before and after porcupine feces environmental enrichment and straw-containing carton environmental enrichment(P<0.05),but no significant difference before and after carton food environmental enrichment(P>0.05).The rest behavior of male tiger 003 decreased,and the difference was significant before and after the carton containing straw was enriched(P<0.05).There was no significant difference before and after porcupine excrement environmental enrichment and carton food environmental enrichment(P>0.05).The rest behavior of female tiger 005 decreased,and the difference was significant before and after the three kinds of environmental enrichment(P<0.05).The feeding behaviors of male tiger 003 and female tiger 005 were significantly different before and after the carton food environmental enrichment(P<0.01).There was no significant difference before and after porcupine excrement enrichment and straw-containing carton enrichment(P>0.05).There was no significant difference in other behaviors of male tiger 003 before and after the three kinds of environmental enrichment(P>0.05).Other behaviors of female tiger 005 were significantly different before and after the straw-containing carton enrichment(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference before and after the porcupine feces enrichment and the carton storage food enrichment(P>0.05).The environmental enrichment test in this study has obviously improved the behavior of 2 Amur tigers in Sanming zoo.