建构主义视角下的大学在线教学及其改进建议:以新冠疫情期间在线教学为例

College Online Teaching and Suggestions on Its Improvement,A Perspective of Constructivism:Taking Online Teaching over the Covid-19 as An Example

在新冠疫情期间,全国高校大规模应用在线教学方式。基于建构主义教学理论并结合全国4111份网络问卷和访谈,疫情期间在线教学的效果与原因得到实证和理论分析。研究表明85.36%的学生对在线教学基本满意或满意,但是,在线教学存在平台数量多且功能缺失、教学方式单一、互动质量不高以及评价反馈尚未有效实现等问题。究其原因,技术平台建构不足,教学主体与内容识别不畅,在线教学情境建构缺失和师生交互作用不佳等,影响了在线教学效果。要加强技术赋能,提升教师信息化素养,构建双向联动的教学机制,促进线上线下“双线”融合,构建教育教学新常态。

Online teaching has been widely employed,over the Covid-19,in colleges and universities across China.In view of this,based on the constructivism teaching theory and 4111 network questionnaires and interviews,the results the online teaching produced and reasons behind are analyzed both empirically and theoretically.The research shows that:85.36%of the students are basically satisfied or satisfied with online teaching;there have been,however,some problems such as too many platforms to choose and lack of some function that we need,single teaching method,low interactive quality,and insufficient evaluation feedback.The reasons rest on insufficiency of constructing technology platform,unsmoothness of identifying teaching subject and content,miss of building online teaching situation,and poor interaction between teachers and students.Accordingly,we should strengthen technology empowerment,improve teachers’information literacy,build a two-way linkage teaching mechanism,and promote the“double-line”integration,thus building a new normal of education and teaching.