清代孔孟颜曾后裔五经博士与衍圣公关系初探

A Study on the Relationship between the Five Classics Doctor of the Descendants of Confucius,Mencius,Yan,Zeng in the Qing Dynasty and Yan Shenggong

清代不光孔子后裔称为圣裔,孟子、颜回、曾子后裔也均称为圣裔,孔孟颜曾五经博士同孔府的关系,完全是小宗户与大宗户的宗族关系。因此孔孟颜曾五经博士的袭封均由衍圣公保举,病故、丁忧、结婚生子等均需上报衍圣公,五经博士凡进京陪祀,在曲阜接驾,孔庙祭祀等均由衍圣公率领。以孔子为代表的儒家学说是中国的底蕴和国魂之所在,崇礼圣哲、优礼圣裔正是彰显了对文明的依皈和道统的承继。

In the Qing Dynasty,not only the descendants of Confucius were called saints,but also the descendants of Meng,Yan and Zeng were called saints.The relationship between the five classics doctor and Confucius mansion was the one between small and large families.Therefore,five classics doctor was recommended by Yan Shenggong.The death、Ding you、marriage and children should be reported to Yan Shenggong.The five classics doctor went to Beijing to accompany sacrifice、receive the emperor in Qufu and the sacrifice of Confucius Temple were led by Yan Shenggong.Confucianism,represented by Confucius,is the essence of China and the soul of the country.The worship of sages and descendants of eurites show the conversion of civilization and the inheritance of Taoism.