寒冷环境下战术战伤救治的保温和复温措施

Heat preservation and rewarming measures of tactical combat casualty care in cold region

目的:分析寒冷环境下战术战伤救治的保温和复温措施,以提高战术区伤员的救治成功率。方法:采用文献分析法,从隔凉保暖、外源供热、液体复苏和热饮补充4个方面进行讨论,并充分借鉴外军经验,梳理我军战术战伤救治阶段可行的保温和复温方案。结果:快速识别和准确预判伤员可能发生的低体温,及时给予有效的隔凉保暖措施,早期实施外源供热和控温条件下的限制性液体复苏,正确补充热饮和高卡饮品等措施,对稳定伤员伤情、避免病情恶化、改善伤员预后至关重要。结论:对轻度低体温伤员采用棉毛涤纶毯+气密保温毯方式保温,对中、重度低体温伤员应及时使用外源供温方式复温。

Objective:To analyze the heat preservation and rewarming measures of tactical combat casualty care(TCCC)in cold region,and to improve the success rate of treatment in tactical area.Methods:Literature analysis was used to discuss the four aspects of cold isolation and warm preservation,external heating,liquid recovery and hot drink supplement,and the experience of foreign military were studied,the feasible heat preservation and rewarming schemes of our army in TCCC were reviewed.Results:Rapid identification and accurate prediction of possible hypothermia,timely and effective measures to keep warm,early implementation of restrictive fluid resuscitation under external heating and temperature control conditions,and correct supplement of hot drinks and high-calorie drinks had great value for stabilize the injury,avoid deterioration of the condition and improve the prognosis of the wounded.Conclusion:Cotton wool polyester blanket air tight insulation blanket is used to keep warm for mild hypothermia wounded.For the severely wounded,the external heating supply method should be used timely.