TTM干预对压疮高危患者主要照顾者压疮认知和照顾行为的影响

Effect of TTM intervention on pressure sore cognition and care behavior of main caregivers of patients with high risk of pressure sore

目的:探讨行为转变理论模式(trans theoretical model of behavior,TTM)对压疮高危患者主要照顾者压疮认知和照顾行为的影响。方法:选取2017-10我院神经外科住院的压疮高危患者的主要照顾者143名为研究对象。按照被照顾患者的入院顺序对其进行编号,偶数纳入干预组(n=71),奇数纳入对照组(n=72)。对照组不采取任何干预措施,干预组采取以TTM理论为基础的干预措施。分别在干预前和干预1个月后对两组的压疮认知、照顾行为、照顾负担、自我效能进行评价。结果:干预前两组压疮认知、压疮照顾行为、照顾负担、自我效能得分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后干预组的压疮认知、翻身行为、皮肤护理、营养支持、自我效能得分均高于对照组,照顾负担得分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:应用TTM为基础的干预措施能够有效提高主要照顾者的压疮认知和自我效能水平,改善其压疮照顾行为,减轻照顾负担。

Objective:To explore the effect of trans theoretical model of behavior(TTM)intervention on pressure sore cognition and care behavior of main caregivers of patients with high risk of pressure sore.Methods:A total of 143 primary caregivers of hospitalized patients with high risk of pressure sore in our hospital from October 2017 were selected.According to the order of admission,even number included in the intervention group(n=71),odd number included in the control group(n=72).The control group was not given any intervention,the intervention group was given the intervention based on TTM theory.Pressure sore cognitive,pressure sore care behavior,caregiver burden,self-efficacy between the two groups before and after intervention were compared,respectively.Results:Before intervention,pressure sore cognition,pressure sore care behavior,caregiver burden,self-efficacy had no statistically significant differences between the two groups(P>0.05),and after intervention,the score of pressure sore cognition,roll over behavior,skin care,nutritional support,self-efficacy in intervention group were better than those of control group,caregiver burden score of intervention group was lower than that of the control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:Intervention based on TTM can effectively improve the pressure sore cognition and self-efficacy level of main caregivers,and it can improve their pressure sore care behavior,and reduce the caregivers burden.