高速列车引起站台振动的实测与分析

Actual Measurement and Analysis of Station Vibration Induced by High-Speed Train

“站桥合一”站房结构体系是目前铁路站房普遍采用的建筑形式,可以有效满足旅客零换乘的需求,引导旅客合理流动.站台是旅客候车、上车的必经之处,候车过程中一定会经历高速列车进站、出站.当列车高速通过站台时会引起振动,造成旅客的不安和使结构本身产生疲劳振动破坏.针对某“站桥合一”结构体系高铁站台,选取无旅客行走荷载激励时间段,采用CMG-5TCDE地震计进行高铁站台振动加速度实地测量.对测量数据进行背景振动与各种不同车速造成结构振动、不同测点振动以及两车交会行驶时产生振动的对比分析,得出以下结论:背景竖直向振动加速度级仅为53.21 dB,当45 km/h高速列车通过时竖直向振动加速度级提高到74.00 dB,高速列车通过对站台振动产生明显影响;高速列车通过站台引起的竖直向振动加速度远大于东西向和南北向振动加速度,且振动加速度随车速增加而增大,但增大速率逐渐减小;东西向与南北向振动加速度持续时间基本相同,竖直向振动加速度持续时间略有不同;振动在传播过程中存在振动反弹区,本次测试中振动反弹区在14 m处,主要是由于振动波在不同介质中的反射造成的;两车交会行驶时振动加速度持续时间延长,幅值增大,会对旅客及工作人员的舒适性产生影响.以上结果可为拟新建“站桥合一”结构形式高铁站的模拟预测以及高铁站舒适度设计提供依据.

The station-bridge integrated building structure system is a commonly used building form in railway stations in the new era,which can effectively meet the zero passenger transfer requirement and ensure the reasonable flow of the crowd.The platform is a place for passengers to wait for and get on the train.During the waiting process,the high-speed train will definitely enter and leave the station.When the train passes through the station at high speed,it will cause vibration,which will make the passengers uneasy and make the structure itself produce fatigue vibration damage.For the station-bridge integrated building structure system of a high-speed railway platform,the non-passenger walking load excitation time period was selected and the CMG-5TCDE seismometer was used to measure the high-speed railway platform.The background and structural vibrations caused by various vehicle speeds,the effective values of vibration acceleration of different measuring points,and the intersection of two trains were analyzed.The following conclusions were obtained:The background vertical vibration acceleration level is only 53.21 dB.When a 45 km/h high-speed train passes through,the vertical vibration acceleration level increases to 74.00 dB.Moreover,the passing of a high-speed train has a significant effect on platform vibration.The vertical vibration acceleration caused by the high-speed train passing through the platform is larger than the horizontal vibration acceleration,and the vibration acceleration increases with the increase in the train speed,but the increase rate gradually decreases with the increases in the train speed.The east-west and north-south directions have the same duration of vibration acceleration.However,the vertical vibration acceleration level is slightly different.Notably,a vibration rebound zone is observed during the propagation process of vibration.In this test,the vibration rebound zone is approximately at 14 m,which is mainly caused by the reflection of vibration waves in different media.When two highspeed trains meet,the vibration acceleration will be extended and the amplitude will increase,which will affect the comfort of passengers and staff.The results of this study provide the gist for the simulation prediction of the stationbridge integrated building structure system of a high-speed railway station and comfort design of transportation hubs in the future.