城乡融合发展、逆城镇化趋势与乡村功能演变——来自大城市郊区城乡关系变化的观察

Urban-Rural Integration, Counter-Urbanization andFunction Evolution of Countryside: Observation onChanges in Urban-Rural Relations in Suburbs of Metropolis

党的十九大提出建立健全城乡融合发展体制机制和政策体系,城乡融合发展成为适应新时代我国城乡关系变化的新要求。城乡关系变化在空间上表现为逆城镇化趋势的出现。近些年,国家陆续出台了统筹城乡经济社会发展和解决“三农”问题的创新政策,制度创新与政策导向促进了逆城镇化的发展,也使部分生产要素流向乡村,以致在农村集体土地上和行政建制下出现了各种“城市型要素”,促使大城市地区部分乡村功能发生演变,乡村功能的演变将成为重新配置城乡发展资源和产业格局的主要依据,也是城乡融合与乡村振兴的重要基础,促进城市要素与农村资源的内在、有机结合,从而形成深层次的城乡融合。

At the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,the government has proposed the related institution and policy system aiming at coordinating the development of the urban and rural areas.The urban-rural integration now has become the new requirement to adapt the change in the relationship between the city and the countryside.The obvious change lies in the occurrence of the spatial counter-urbanization.Recently,a series of institutional initials and policies,focusing on the urban-rural economic and social integration and the“three rural issues”,have induced the trend of counter-urbanization.Under this background,some production factors have flown into countryside and thus varied urban factors have spread in the collectively-owned rural land and the administrative organization.That also makes some changes in the role of villages in the urban areas.However,the evolution of countryside could lead to the reallocation of product factors and the redistribution of industries.To some extent,the evolution of countryside is critical to the integration of the rural and urban areas as well as the development of rural areas.It is helpful to improve the inner integration among urban factors and rural sources and then form a deeper combination between the urban and the rural.