东北三省生猪养殖业发展影响因素及政策选择

The Analysis of Influencing Factors andthe Choice of Policy Direction on Development of Pig Breeding Industry in Three Provinces of Northeast China

加快生猪养殖业健康发展是我国农业当前的一个重要任务。对于东北三省来说,加快生猪养殖业发展有利于保障国家粮食安全,在增加农民就业、促进农民增收、推进农业供给侧结构性改革等方面具有重要意义。东北三省的资源禀赋条件较好,但近十多年来该地区生猪养殖业发展不快,主要在于“劳动力要素配置之争”“产业之争”“城乡之争”及产业风险大、产业转型期带来的“阵痛”等因素的抑制作用。为促进东北三省生猪养殖业快速健康发展,应坚持绿色发展理念,大力发展绿色养殖业;培育多元化的养殖经营体系;引导产业链各环节降本增效;推广适应新形势的“种养加结合”新模式;高度重视扶持生猪养殖服务业发展。

It is an important task in China to accelerate healthy development of pig breeding industry at present.For the three northeastern provinces,accelerating the development of pig breeding industry is conducive to ensuring national food security,and there is great significance to increase farmers’employment,to promote farmers’income,and to advance supply-side structural reform in agriculture.The resource endowment conditions of the three northeastern provinces are relatively good,but the pig breeding industry in the three northeastern provinces had developed slowly in the past decade.The main reason lies in the restraining effects of factors which are as follows:there is competition in allocation between rural labor factors,competition between industries,competition between urban and rural,the higher industrial risk,and the“labor pains”caused by industrial transformation.Based on this,to promote the pig breeding industry in the three northeastern provinces to develop healthily and rapidly,the direction of development policies of pig breeding industry in the three northeast provinces should adhere to the concept of green development,strive to develop green pig breeding industry,cultivate a diversified system of industry and operation,guide to reduce costs and increase benefits in multiple production links of industrial chain,push integration deeply between breeding industry and planting industry,and attaches great importance to supporting the development of the pig breeding service industry.