人工流产者术前焦虑状况调查及影响因素分析

Analysis of preoperative anxiety status and its influencing factors among women with induced abortion

目的分析人工流产者术前焦虑状况及影响因素。方法以北京市同仁医院东城区院区2019年4月至2019年9月计划生育病房实施人工流产手术(无痛人工流产术和药物流产术)的209例女性为研究对象,此209例女性均进入人工流产后关爱项目。于术前按统一要求填写调查问卷,内容主要包括人口学基本特征、怀孕周数、流产方式、对人工流产术的担心及焦虑自评量表,采取卡方检验、Wilcoxon秩和检验及二分类Logisic回归分析相关影响因素。结果调查对象中10.05%的人符合焦虑评分标准。月收入和流产方式是焦虑发生的独立影响因素:月收入小于5000元者发生焦虑的可能性是月收入在5000元及以上者的3.23倍,药物流产女性焦虑发生的可能性是无痛人工流产手术流产者的10.57倍(P<0.05)。结论实施了流产后关爱项目的无痛人工流产术人流女性的焦虑发生状况明显低于国内既往研究,宜继续倡导和推广;对药物流产者和经济状况欠佳者需给予多的关注和干预。

Objective:To analyze the preoperative anxiety status and its influencing factors among the women with induced abortion.Methods:A total of 209 women who underwent induced abortion(pain-free surgical abortion and medical abortion)in the family planning ward in Dongcheng District Sector of Beijing Tongren Hospital from April 2019 to September 2019 were recruited to fill out a questionnaire before operation,and all of them were involved in the post-induced abortion care program.The main contents of the questionnaire included basic demographics,gestational weeks,abortion method,self-rating scale for concern and anxiety about induced abortion.The relevant influencing factors about anxiety were analyzed by chi-square test,Wilcoxon rank sum test and binary logistic regression.Results:Among the respondents,10.05%of them met the anxiety score criteria.Monthly income and abortion method were independent factors relevant to the occurrence of anxiety.Those with monthly income less than 5000 yuan were 3.23 times more likely to have anxiety than those with monthly income of 5000 yuan and above,and women with medical abortion were 10.57 times more likely to have anxiety than those with pain-free surgical abortion(P<0.05).Conclusions:The incidence of preoperative anxiety in women with pain-free surgical induced abortion who implemented the post-abortion care program was significantly lower than that reported in previous domestic studies.More attention and intervention should be given to those who have medical abortion and those with poor economic status.