思维导图在老年患者行斜侧方椎间融合术围术期健康教育中的应用

Application of mind mapping in perioperative health education of elderly patients undergoing oblique interbody fusion

目的观察思维导图在老年患者行斜侧方椎间融合术围术期健康教育中的应用效果,以期为临床护理工作提供依据。方法前瞻性选取我院2017年11月至2018年11月收治的75例老年腰椎退行性疾病患者作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为两组,对照组37例和试验组38例,所有患者行斜侧方椎间融合术,围术期对照组给予常规健康教育,试验组患者采取思维导图式健康教育,对比两组患者对护理工作的满意度及并发症发生情况,对比出院时及出院1个月后两组患者日常生活能力,术后1个月内跌倒发生情况。结果对照组患者对护理工作满意率为83.78%,试验组患者对护理工作满意率为97.37%,差异有统计学意义(Z=-2.008,P<0.05);试验组术后并发症发生率为7.89%,对照组为18.91%,差异无统计学意义(c2=1.972,P>0.05);出院1个月随访时,两组患者日常生活能力较出院时比较均有所提升(对照组:t=-8.817,P=0.000;试验组:t=-10.829,P=0.000),试验组高于对照组(t=-2.974,P<0.05);术后1个月内观察组跌倒发生率为8.11%,试验组跌倒发生率为0,组间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论思维导图式健康教育有助于促进护患双方合作,提高护理满意度,降低术后患者跌倒事件发生率,提升腰椎退行性疾病患者术后生活能力,可进一步推广应用。

Objective To observe the effect of mind mapping in the perioperative health education of elderly patients with oblique interbody fusion,in order to provide basis for clinical nursing work.Methods Seventy-five elderly patients with degenerative lumbar disease admitted to our hospital from November 2017 to November 2018 were selected as the research objects.37 cases in the control group and 38 cases in the experimental group.All patients underwent oblique interbody fusion.The control group was given routine health education during perioperative period,while the experimental group was given mind map health education.To compare the complications and satisfaction with nursing were compared between the two groups,and daily living ability of the two groups was compared at discharge and 1 month after discharge,and the incidence of falls within 1 month after operation.Results The satisfaction rate of the control group was 83.78%,and that of the experimental group was 97.37%.There was significant difference between the two groups(P<0.05).The incidence of complications was 7.89%in the experimental group and 18.91%in the control group.The incidence of complications in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group.There was no significant difference between the two groups(P>0.05).At the 1-month follow-up after discharge,all patients'daily living ability was improved compared with that at discharge,and the improvement effect was more obvious in the experimental group(P<0.05).Within one month after operation,the incidence of falls in the observation group was 8.11%,and the incidence of falls in the test group was 0,the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Mental health education can promote the cooperation between nurses and patients,improve the satisfaction of nursing,reduce the incidence of falls and improve the living ability of patients with lumbar degenerative diseases.