移民政策在汉中军事争夺中的演进——以战国秦汉三国时期为例

The Evolution of Immigration Policy in the Military Strugglesfor Hanzhong—Taking the Periods of Warring States,Qin,Han,and Three Kingdoms as an Example

战国秦汉三国时期是战争多发期。作为战略枢纽的汉中,在这一时期成为了军事争夺的焦点。在对汉中的争夺中,各军事集团经常将强制性的移民政策作为主要手段,以赢得战略主动权。这一政策的普遍运用与此时期的战争规模不断扩大、作战地域不断延伸、人口数量总体呈现增长趋势是密切相关的,同时亦对战争的走势产生了重大影响。作为该时期军事战略的组成部分,移民政策的精准实施,对于增强各军事集团的战斗力,巩固防御、保障战争后勤供给、削弱对方实力都产生了积极的作用。

The periods of Warring States(475 BC 221 BC),Qin(221 BC 207 BC),Han(202 BC 220)and Three Kingdom(220280)saw frequent wars in Hanzhong,a strategic hub.In the struggles for Hanzhong,military groups often took mandatory immigration policy as the main means to win the strategic initiative.The widespread use of this policy was closely related to the continuous expansions of the scale of the war,the continuous extensions of the combat areas,and the overall growth of the population,significantly impacting the trends of war.As an integral part of themilitary strategy during these periods,the precise implementation of the immigration policy played a positive role in enhancing the fighting capacity of various military groups,consolidating defense,ensuring the supply of war logistics,and weakening the strength of the other side.