城市化水平、生态效率与经济发展协调性测度研究——以哈长城市群为例

Research on the Measurement of the Coordinated Development of Urbanization,Ecological Efficiency and Economic Development Level——A case study of the Harbin and Changchun urban agglomerations

随着我国城市化发展的不断推进,生态与经济协调发展成为可持续发展的关键。本文基于哈长城市群11个地市2011-2018年的面板数据,构建了DEA模型与耦合协调度模型,测算出各地市城市化效率、生态效率、经济发展水平及其耦合协调度;借助ArcGIS平台,可视化地表达了耦合协调度的时空分异特征;用Moran's I指数进行了空间自相关性检验。结果表明:哈长城市群城市化效率总体稳定,综合效率的提升依赖于纯技术效率,报酬递减的城市过多;生态效率受规模效率影响,波动幅度明显;经济发展水平差异格局持续存在,两级分化明显,水平较高地区集中在哈尔滨、长春、大庆;三者之间存在动态耦合关系且协调度水平较高,但是缺乏空间自相关性,城市壁垒严重存在,呈现“中部—边缘”环状带空间结构。

With the continuous advancement of urbanization in China,the coordinated development of ecology and economy has become the key to sustainable development.Based on the panel data onto 11 cities in Harbin and Changchun urban agglomerations from 2011 to 2018,this paper constructs the DEA model coupling and coordination degree model to measure the urbanization efficiency,ecological efficiency,economic development level of each city and the coupling coordination degree of the three.Through the ArcGIS platform,the temporal and spatial differentiation characteristics of the coupling coordination degree are visually expressed.The spatial auto-correlation test was carried out by Moran’s I index.The results show that the overall efficiency of urbanization efficiency in the Harbin and Changchun urban agglomerations is stable,the improvement in overall efficiency depends on pure technical efficiency,and there are too many cities with diminishing returns.Ecological efficiency is affected by scale efficiency,and the fluctuation range is obvious.There has always been a pattern of differences in the level of economic development,and the polarization is obvious.The economic development levels of Harbin,Changchun,and Daqing are relatively high.There is a coupling relationship between urbanization efficiency,ecological efficiency,and economic development level,and the level of coordination is relatively high.However,the three lack of spatial auto-correlation,and the urban barriers is serious.The coupling coordination showed the loop-shaped band like“core-edge”spatial structure.