甲状腺髓样癌分子标志物研究现状

Research on molecular markers of medullary thyroid carcinoma

甲状腺髓样癌(MTC)是起源于甲状腺滤泡旁C细胞的神经内分泌肿瘤,发病率较低,临床表现无特殊,治疗效果较差,易发生复发转移,早期诊断,监测复发和转移,及靶向治疗是现阶段关注热点。近年来,对甲状腺髓样癌分子标志物的研究越来越多,已将其应用于诊断,协助甲状腺髓样癌术前、术后的评估、靶向治疗以及疾病监控等方面。本文归纳总结了临床常用的几种特异性分子标志物,对其分子结构、临床研究及临床应用方面的优劣性进行探讨,以期对分子标志物在甲状腺髓样癌临床诊断、靶向治疗、监控复发方面的应用提供理论依据,对甲状腺髓样癌治疗方案的进一步优化、改善预后及提高生存质量提供重要的科学证据。

Medullary thyroid carcinoma(MTC)is a neuroendocrine tumor originated from thyroid follicular C cells,with low incidence,no special clinical manifestations,poor therapeutic effect,and easy to relapse and metastasis. Early diagnosis,monitoring of recurrence and metastasis,and targeted therapy are the hot spots at present.In recent years,more and more studies have been conducted on molecular markers of medullary thyroid cancer,which have been applied in diagnosis,assisting preoperative and postoperative evaluation,targeted therapy and surveillance. This article summarized the clinical commonly used several kinds of specific molecular markers,including the molecular structure,the superiority and inferiority of clinical research and clinical application were discussed,in order to provide theoretical basis for molecular markers in the medullary thyroid carcinoma clinical diagnosis,targeted therapy,monitoring recurrence and metastasis,at the same time,provide important scientific evidence in optimized treatment of medullary thyroid carcinoma and improve prognosis and quality of life.