离子液体在稀土萃取分离中的应用

Application of ionic liquid in extraction and separation of rare earth

稀土元素萃取分离是获得高纯单一稀土的关键步骤之一,开发对稀土元素具有高效分离能力的新材料和新过程是全球科技工作者研究的热点。离子液体作为一类代表性的新材料,因具有不挥发、不易燃、稳定性好、结构性质可调等独特的物理化学性质,近年来在稀土元素萃取分离领域的应用受到广泛关注。在稀土元素萃取分离过程中,离子液体不仅可用作萃取剂,也可作为稀释剂、协萃剂或同时作为萃取剂和稀释剂。系统评述了离子液体在稀土元素萃取分离中的研究进展,对非功能化离子液体和功能化离子液体在稀土元素萃取分离中的萃取行为和萃取机理进行了分析。同时,对该领域的发展所面临的主要问题和进一步的研究工作进行了探讨。

The extraction and separation of rare earth elements is one of the key steps to obtain high-purity single rare earths.The development of new materials and new processes with high-efficiency separation capabilities for rare earth elements is a hot spot for scientific and technological workers worldwide.As a representative new material,ionic liquid has unique physical and chemical properties such as non-volatile,non-flammable,good stability,and adjustable structural properties.In recent years,its application in the field of rare earth element extraction and separation has received extensive attention.This paper provides a systematical review of the publications in recent years reporting the application of ILs in extraction and separation of rare earth(RE)that is essential to obtain high-purity RE products.The ILs-based extraction and separation by use of non-functional and/or functional ILs were here reviewed and discussed in terms of extraction/stripping behaviors,separation performance and mechanisms.The challenges and future directions for the development and application of ILsbased extraction on RE separation were discussed finally.