福建省农村居民收入构成和区域变化特征——基于福建省农村固定观察点的调查

Income Composition and Regional Change Characteristics of Rural Residents in Fujian——Based on the Survey of the Villages with Fixed Observation Points in Fujian

【目的/意义】三农问题的核心是农民的收入问题,通过研究农村居民的收入变化,为提升农村居民收入水平提供科学依据。【方法/过程】根据福建省11个农村固定观察点村和910户固定记账农户的数据,应用描述性统计方法与空间差异分析法,分析不同时空农村居民收入增长变化及其特征。【结果/结论】福建省观察点村农民收入从2015-2019年近5年间保持稳定增长。从收入构成来看,农村居民家庭经营收入逐年下降,工资性收入保持较快增长,对农民收入贡献率越来越大;从区域来看,东部沿海地区农民收入高于西北部内陆山区。可见农村居民收入水平保持平稳增长趋势,收入途径呈现多元化,收入增长越来越体现非农化收入倾向,地区间农民收入存在着较大的差距。

【Objective/Meaning】The core of the three rural issues is the income of farmers.The study on the changes of rural residents’income will provide scientific basis for improving the income level of rural residents.【Methods/Procedures】According to the data of 11 villages with fixed observation points and 910 peasant households with fixed account in Fujian Province,the changes and characteristics of rural residents’income growth in different time and space were analyzed by using the statistical method.【Results/Conclusions】The income of farmers in the villages with fixed observation points in Fujian Province has maintained a steady growth in the past five years from 2015 to 2019.From the perspective of income composition,the household operating income of rural residents has been declining year by year,and the wage income has maintained rapid growth,which contributed more and more to the income of farmers.From the perspective of region,the income of farmers in the eastern coastal areas was higher than that in the northwest inland mountainous areas.Therefore,it could be seen that the income level of farmers has maintained a steady growth trend;the sources of income were diversified;the income growth has increasingly reflected the non-agricultural income trend;and there was a big gap between the income of farmers in different regions.