政府提振与特产复兴:苏区革命后赣闽边区的经济复苏——以江西南丰蜜桔产业为例

Government Boost and Specialty Revival:Economic Recovery of Jiangxi-Fujian Border Area After the Soviet Revolution——Taking Nanfeng Tangerine Industry in Jiangxi Province as an Example

历经20世纪30年代经济大危机和国共激烈战争的冲击,江西经济遭受重创,百业待兴。苏区革命后,作为历代“贡品”、江西特产的南丰蜜桔被纳入政府提振经济的视野,传统蜜桔产业成为政府改进农村进而复兴农村的抓手。事实表明,江西地方政府在南丰设立柑桔苗圃、柑桔试验场和桔虫防治区,为柑桔种植提供种种服务的举措是成功的,而实行统制运销、干预合作社具体营销的种种行为是失败的。南丰蜜桔产业复苏的案例实为20世纪三四十年代中国为应对经济危机和民族危机而兴起的统制经济思潮在地方的典型展现,对于认识苏区革命后原中央苏区暨赣闽边区社会经济复苏具有重要的个案意义。此案例亦提示,在中国经济现代化进程中,必须充分运用和发挥好政府的作用;政府职能的行使既要到位,又不能错位,更不能越位和缺位。

After the great economic crisis in the 1930s and the impact of the fierce war between the Kuomintang and the CPC,Jiangxi's economy suffered heavy losses,all industries were waiting to be revitalized.After the Soviet Revolution,Nanfeng tangerine,as a tribute of all dynasties and a special product of Jiangxi province,was brought into the government's vision of boosting the economy.The traditional tangerine industry became the government's starting point to improve and then revive the rural areas.The fact showed that the measures of Jiangxi local government to provide various services for tangerine-planting by setting up tangerine nurseries,tangerine experimental fields and pest control areas in Nanfeng were successful,while the actions of controlling transportation and marketing or interfering the specific marketing of the cooperative were unsuccessful.The case of Nanfeng tangerine industry revival,was a typical local demonstration of the trend of thought of controlled economy in response to the economic crisis and national crisis of China in the 1930s and 1940s,which was of great individual significance for us to understand the social and economic recovery of the former Central Soviet Area and the Jiangxi-Fujian Border Area after the Soviet Revolution.At the same time,it also suggested that in the process of China's economic modernization,we must make full use of and give full play to the role of the government;the exercise of government functions should be in place,not to be misplaced,not to mention offside or absent.