教学信念、技术感知如何影响师范生TPACK——基于江浙沪七所高等院校的调查研究

How does Teaching Belief and Technology Perception Affect TPACK of Normal Students——Based on the Investigation of Seven Universities in Jiangsu,Zhejiang and Shanghai

在信息技术迅速发展的时代背景下,作为未来中小学教师的培育基地,高校在师范生教育培养方面应把握新机遇,有效应对技术挑战。整合技术的学科教学知识(TPACK)框架为教师开展技术与学科教学的有效融合提供了理论依据和支撑。以教学信念、技术感知与师范生TPACK的关系研究为切入口,设计教学信念、技术感知、TPACK等方面的测评量表,对已参加过教育实习的江苏省、浙江省、上海市七所高等院校大四师范生进行问卷调查。数据分析表明:师范生教学信念亟需增强、技术知识及技术感知水平尚待提升;技术感知、教学信念、学科教学法知识与TPACK均有相关性,学科教学法知识与TPACK的相关性较强;PCK对TPACK的预测效应较大,教学信念对TPACK的预测效应较小;技术感知为教学信念、学科教学法知识分别作用于TPACK的中介变量。基于数据分析,提出高校师范生TPACK培育策略:积极创设技术感知环境,增强技术的情景化体验;注重技术学习、实践与设施保障,提升师范生技术知识水平;关注学科教学的经验积淀及技术融入,助力师范生TPACK的高效生成;推进技术的观念熏陶及案例示范,增强师范生TPACK发展信念。

Under the background of the rapid development of information technology,as the training base of primary and secondary school teachers in the future,colleges and universities should effectively deal with the technical challenges and opportunities in the education and training of normal students.The framework of subject teaching knowledge integrating technology(TPACK)provides theoretical basis and support for teachers to carry out effective integration of technology and subject teaching.This paper takes the research on the relationship between teaching belief,technology perception and TPACK,and design measurement scale of teaching belief,technology perception,TPACK,etc.A questionnaire survey was conducted among 856 senior normal students in seven colleges and universities of Jiangsu province,Zhejiang province and Shanghai who had participated in educational practice.The data analysis shows that the teaching beliefs of normal students need to be strengthened,and the technical knowledge and perception level need to be improved;Technology perception,teaching belief,subject teaching method knowledge are all related to TPACK,and subject teaching method knowledge is highly related to TPACK;PCK has a greater predictive effect on TPACK,and teaching belief has a smaller predictive effect on TPACK;Technology perception is the intermediary variable of teaching belief and subject teaching method knowledge in TPACK.Based on the data analysis,this paper puts forward the corresponding TPACK training strategies for normal university students:First,we should actively create technology perception environment,enhance the situation experience of technology;Second,pay attention to technical learning,practice and facilities to improve the level of technical knowledge of normal university students;Third,pay attention to the accumulation of experience in subject teaching and the integration of technology to help normal university students produce TPACK efficiently;Fourth,we should promote the concept of technology edification and case demonstration,enhance the normal university students TPACK development belief.