旅游金融效率时空格局演化及影响因素研究——以云南省为例

Research on Spatial Pattern Evolution and Influencing Factors of Tourism Financial Efficiency:A Case Study of Yunnan Province

金融业对旅游业发展的助推作用日益显现,但旅游金融效率偏低逐渐成为制约旅游业提质增效的瓶颈。选取2000-2015年云南省16州(市)面板数据,将DEA-Malmquist指数法与重心模型结合,在测算旅游金融效率和全要素生产率(TFP)的基础上,分析云南省旅游金融效率空间格局特征,并采用Tobit模型探析其影响因素。结果显示:1)旅游金融综合效率核密度曲线经历了“增大—减小”过程,各州(市)间差异明显,效率重心在大理和楚雄州行政区内部呈“钟摆式”移动;2)旅游金融全要素生产率在时间序列上呈波动上升趋势,在空间上“集中连片”分布特征明显;3)经济发展水平、等级旅游资源、技术创新和产业集聚对旅游金融效率具有显著的正向促进作用,信贷规模未通过检验,交通设施密度、对外开放水平和产业结构则对旅游金融效率具有负向阻滞作用,但未通过显著性检验。研究结果有助于从整体上把握云南省旅游金融效率时空演变特征,并为金融支持旅游业提质增效发展提供借鉴,对促进旅游业与金融业融合发展具有理论与现实意义。

The role of financial industry in promoting tourism development is increasingly apparent,but the low tourism financial efficiency has gradually become a bottleneck restricting the quality and efficiency of tourism.Based on the panel data of 16 cities(autonomous prefectures)in Yunnan Province from 2000 to 2015,the tourism financial efficiency and total factor productivity(TFP)were calculated using the DEA-Malmquist index method and the gravity center model,and then the spatial pattern of tourism financial efficiency in Yunnan Province was analyzed.The Tobit model was used to analyze the influencing factors of tourism financial efficiency.The results are as follows:1)Tourism financial efficiency is volatility increasing with time,but the differences between cities(autonomous prefectures)are large,and the efficiency center of gravity moves in the form of a"pendulum"between Dali and Chuxiong.2)The value of total factor productivity of tourism finance shows an increasing tendency,and the number of cities(autonomous prefectures)with rising total factor productivity is increasing.The technological progress has significantly promoted the improvement of the total factor productivity index.3)In terms of influencing factors,economic development level,hierarchical tourism resources,technological innovation and industrial agglomeration have significant positive effects on tourism financial efficiency.The credit scale has not passed the test,while the density of transportation facilities,the level of opening up and the industrial structure have negative retardation effects on tourism financial efficiency and also have not passed the test.The study results are helpful to grasp the temporal and spatial evolution characteristics of Yunnan′s tourism financial efficiency as a whole,and can provide reference for promoting the integration of tourism and financial industry in Yunnan Province.