太湖主要入湖河流多溴联苯醚和有机磷阻燃剂污染与风险评价

Contamination Level and Ecological Risk Assessment of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers(PBDEs)and Organophosphorus Flame Retardants(OPFRs)in Main Inflow Rivers of Taihu Lake

为了解多溴联苯醚(PBDEs)和有机磷阻燃剂(OPFRs)在太湖3条主要入湖河流(太滆运河、太滆南运河和漕桥河)中的污染现状,采集其水体和沉积物样品,利用GC-MS/MS和LC-MS/MS技术对介质中13种PBDEs同族体和9种OPFRs进行分析。结果表明,所有水样品中均检出OPFRs,其总质量浓度为165~504 ng/L,其中三(1-氯-2丙基)磷酸酯(TCPP)为最主要污染物,最高值为160 ng/L;PBDEs在所有沉积物样品中均有检出,总质量比为16.7~765 ng/g。沉积物中PBDEs和OPFRs存在显著的正相关性(p<0.01),说明这2种化合物的污染来源和环境归趋可能相类似。水中OPFRs基于无效应浓度(PNEC)的风险评价显示,部分化合物对藻类、蚤类和鱼类具有中等生态风险。指出,随着PBDEs的禁用,以及潜在的生物累积效应,OPFRs的环境污染须引起进一步的关注。

To investigate the pollution status of polybrominated diphenyl ethers(PBDEs)and organophosphorus flame retardants(OPFRs)in three main inflow rivers(Taige Canal,Taige South Canal and Caoqiao River)of Taihu Lake,13 PBDE congeners and 9 OPFRs from water and sediment samples were measured using GC-MS/MS and LC-MS/MS,respecetively.OPFRs were detected in all water samples at concentrations raging from 165~504 ng/L.Tris(1-chloro-2-propyl)phosphate(TCPP)was the dominant conpound with the highest concentration of 160 ng/L.PBDEs were found in all sediment samples with concentrations ranging from 16.7~765 ng/g.Strong positive correlation between PBDEs and OPFRs(p<0.01)was found,which suggested similar pollution sources and environmental fates of these two flame retardants.A preliminary ecological risk assessment for OPFRs in water was conducted based on predicted noneffective concentration(PNEC),and the results showed that some compounds were associated with moderate risk to algae,daphnia and fish.More environmental concerns should be given to OPFRs urgently with their potential bioaccumulation characteristics and the prohibition of PBDEs in the worldwide.