地租经济、家产个体化与财产性家庭——基于东莞芳村代际关系变迁的经验分析

Land Rent Economy,Individualization of Family Property and Property Family——An Empirical Analysis of the Changes of Intergenerational Relationship

基于代际关系是形塑家庭形态差异的核心要素,研究建构了理解家庭形态的新进路,即代际关系的具体状态很大程度上由家庭生计模式和家产性质维系。在此进路下,研究将芳村代表的珠三角家庭形态称为“财产性家庭”,具体包括三个特征:首先,在芳村“半工半租、以租为主”家庭生计模式下,当地家庭收入主要是财产性收入,且家产掌握在中年人手中,相当程度上由中年人支配;其次,当地赡养老人由集体兜底而非家庭负担,降低了老年人对中年子代的依赖,并且老年人与中年子代关系呈现为相对疏离、偶尔紧张的状态;最后,当地年轻已婚子代对中年父代的依赖明显增强,这根源于年轻人对中年人经济依赖,年轻人主动与中年人维系着亲密的代际关系。

Since the intergenerational relationship is the core element that shapes the difference in family morphology,the study has constructed a new approach to understand family morphology,that is,the specific state of intergenerational relationship is largely maintained by the family s livelihood model and the nature of the family property.Under this approach,the study calls the family form of the Pearl River Delta represented by Fangcun a“property family”,which specifically includes three characteristics:1.Under the family livelihood model of“half work,half rent,rent-based,local family income is mainly property income,and the family property is in the hands of and dominated by the middle-aged people.2.local support for the elderly is paid by the collective rather than the family,which reduces the elderly s contribution to middle-aged children,the relationship between the elderly and the middle-aged offspring is relatively estranged and occasionally strained.3.Local young married offspring s dependence on the middle-aged parents has increased significantly,which is rooted in the economic dependence of the young on the middle-aged and their willingness to maintain close intergenerational relationships with the middle-aged.