攀枝花市2018年手足口病病原学特征分析

Pathogenic characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease in Panzhihua,2018

目的分析攀枝花市2018年手足口病病原学特征,为科学制定手足口病的防控措施提供依据。方法收集攀枝花市2018年手足口病病例的咽拭子标本,用Real-time PCR方法进行肠道病毒通用(EV)型、EV 71型、CA16型、CA10型、CA6型的核酸检测。结果在387例病例标本中,肠道病毒阳性305例(78.81%)。其中检出CA16型155例(50.82%)、CA6型72例(24.26%)、其他肠道病毒42例(13.77%)、CA10型29例(9.51%)、EV 71型1例(0.33%)、EV 71与CA16混合感染4例(1.31%)。全年均有阳性病例检出,6月病例达到高峰值(28.42%),8~10月维持在一定水平(29.97%);病例中男女性别比为1.46∶1,发病集中在4岁以下人群(89.18%)。全市5个县(区)均检测到阳性病例,均以CA16型为主要病原。结论攀枝花市2018年手足口病病原体由EV 71型、CA16型、CA10型、CA6型、EV 71+CA16混合型及其他肠道病毒构成,全年以CA16肠道病毒为主要病原;而8~11月CA6型替代CA16型成为引起本地区手足口病流行的主要病原。

Objective To analyze the pathogenic characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease(HFMD)in Panzhihua in 2018,and to provide a basis for the formulation of HFMD prevention and control measures.Methods Throat swab samples of HFMD in Panzhihua in 2018 were collected.Real-time PCR was used to detect the nucleic acid about enterovirus EV,EV 71,CA16,CA10 and CA6.Results Totally 305(78.81%)of 387 samples were tested positive.Among which,the positive cases of CA16,CA6,other type of EV,CA10,EV 71 and the mixed infection of EV 71 and CA16 were 155(50.82%),72(24.26%),42(13.77%),29(9.51%),1(0.33%)and 4(1.31%),respectively.Positive samples were detected in each month.The number of cases peaked in June(28.42%),and it maintained at a certain level(29.79%)between August and October.The male-female ratio was 1.46∶1.The disease was concentrated in the population under the age of 4(89.18%).Positive cases were detected in 5 counties(districts)of the city,with CA16 as the main pathogen.Conclusion HFMD pathogens consisted of EV 71,CA16,CA10,EV 71+CA16 and other types in Panzhihua in 2018.CA16 was the main pathogen throughout the year,but CA6 replaced CA16 as the main type between August and November.