上转换纳米颗粒在肿瘤光动力治疗中的研究进展

Research Progress in Application of Upconversion Nanoparticles to Photodynamic Therapy for Tumor

光动力疗法(Photodynamic therapy,PDT)具有选择性高、创伤小、不良反应少等优点,已经成为传统的手术、放疗、化疗等疗法外新的肿瘤治疗方法。然而,传统的PDT仍存在着一些问题,如:光的组织穿透能力弱、光敏剂的肿瘤靶向性低、肿瘤微环境缺氧、PDT所激活的抗肿瘤免疫不足等。近年来,上转换纳米颗粒(Upconversion nanoparticles,UCNPs)在生物医学领域受到越来越多的关注。UCNPs具有发射光谱带窄、材料毒性低、光稳定性好等优点,有克服上述问题的潜力。本文主要总结近年来UCNPs在肿瘤PDT治疗中的研究进展,以期为肿瘤的PDT治疗开拓新的思路。

Photodynamic therapy(PDT)has become a new type of tumor treatment besides traditional surgery,radiotherapy and chemotherapy due to the advantages of high selectivity and less trauma and side effects.However,there are still some problems in conventional PDT such as weak tissue penetration of light,low selectivity of conventional Photosensitizer(PS)for tumor,hypoxic tumor microenvironment and insufficient anti-tumor immunity activated by PDT.In recent years,upconversion nanoparticles(UCNPs)have received increasing attention in the field of biomedicine.UCNPs possess prominent advantages such as narrow emission peaks,low toxicity and good photostability.All these features proved that it has the potential to overcome the said problems.In this review,the research progress of the application of UCNPs in PDT for the tumor treatment was summarized.