区块链风险治理:困境与规制

Blockchain Risk Governance:Dilemma and Regulation

区块链这一变革性的基础技术对世界的潜在影响堪比互联网。区块链的去中心化、分布式记账等运行方式看似无懈可击,然则问题丛生,代码漏洞、交易篡改、私钥丢失、效率风险等带来的技术风险是一方面,去中心化、数字货币、ICO等引发的法律风险更是层出不穷。现阶段出现的无币区块链、虚拟货币法律定位缺失、智能合约的法律适用及区块链的跨境风险等问题都是区块链治理进程中的法律困境。沙盒模式的选择、虚拟货币的法律定位、智能合约的立法化、区块链的分层监管等具体措施才是中国语境下区块链风险治理和监管的路径选择。

The potential impact of blockchain as a transformative basic technology on the world is comparable to that of the Internet.The operating methods of blockchain such as decentralization and distributed accounting seem to be impeccable.However,there are many problems in them such as code vulnerabilities,transaction tampering,loss of private keys and efficiency risks.Moreover,there are many legal risks caused by decentralization,digital currency and ICO etc.Problems such as the currencyless blockchain,the lack of legal positioning of virtual currencies,the legal application of smart contracts,and the cross-border risk of blockchain are all legal dilemmas in the governance process of blockchain.The choice of sandbox model,the legal positioning of virtual currency,the legislation of smart contracts,and the layered supervision of blockchain are the specific measures of blockchain risk governance and supervision in the Chinese.