单一正犯视野下共谋共同正犯的考察与批判

Inspection and Criticism of Collusive Co-principal Offender from the Perspective of Single Principal Offender System

发端于判例的共谋共同正犯是日本刑法理论强行贴合向司法实践的产物。尽管共谋共同正犯在日本居于通说地位,但其赖以存在的理论基础经不起逻辑推敲,且在外延上早已超出典型的正犯概念。共谋共同正犯与我国现有的单一制共犯立法模式和司法现状格格不入,如贸然引入不仅会损害我国共犯理论的体系自洽性,而且也将使司法实务中对共犯问题的处理复杂化。相反,现有的单一正犯体系完全可以解决类似的问题,所以,共谋共同正犯理论的引入既无实益,又显多余。

The theory of collusive co-principal offender that originated from court decisions is the result of the Japanese criminal law theory forcibly adaptive to judicial practice.Although it occupies the general position in Japan,its extension has long exceeded the typical boundary of the offense,and the theoretical basis on which they exist cannot withstand logical scrutiny.The theory of collusive co-principal offender is not in compatible with China's existing unitary system and judicial condition,so the random introduction of collusive co-principal offender not only impairs the logicality of system of accomplice theory,but also complicates the handling method of accomplices in judicial practice.On the other hand,the existing single principal offender system in China can completely solve similar problems,so the introduction of the theory of collusive co-principal offender is neither beneficial nor necessary.