吐鲁番丁谷山文献疏证

Textual Researches of the Dinggu Mountain in Turfan

吐鲁番盆地的吐峪沟是中古时期丁谷山和以丁谷命名的佛教寺院、洞窟乃至祆教祭祀场所,已经敦煌吐鲁番文书的发现而得到证明。其实在文书发现之前,明清时期的方志和集部文献中,丁谷山的名称也有相关记载。本文梳理这些文献的流传,认为出土文书与传世典籍先后衔接,至少从公元6世纪以降,直到18世纪初叶,吐鲁番盆地的“丁谷山”在历史文献中传承有序。经过由汉语—回鹘语—汉语的重译,从18世纪中叶开始,“丁谷”一词为现在的“吐峪沟”所替代。

As proved in the related Dunhuang-Turfan documents,Toyuq of the Turfan Basin was a location of the Dinggu Mountain,the Buddhist temples and grottoes named as Dinggu and the Zoroastrian sacrificial place in medieval times.In fact,before the discovery of the Dunhuang-Turfan documents,the Dinggu mountain of Turfan has already been recorded in the historical sources of the Ming and Qing dynasties.The picture of the mountain,at least from the 6th century to the early 18th century,can be pieced together by the information preserved both in the classics and the unearthed documents.The name Dinggu,first translated from Chinese into Uighur and then into Chinese again,was replaced finally by Toyuq from the mid-18th century.