马圈湾汉简几组与西域有关文字的释读问题

Interpretation of a Few Terms Related to the Western Regions in the Han Dynasty Slips from Majuanwan

马圈湾汉简因自身保存状况不好,且又因莫府档案的底本多为“龙飞凤舞”的草书佳品,释读颇为费力。但是若将比较近似的字进行排比、对照,还是可以解决部分释读问题,进而获得非常重要的汉与西域交往资料。例如“遝沙”,经考证可知其本为焉耆将领,与匈奴南将军一样,是天凤年间战争征伐的主要对象;“虏政”,也是天凤年间征伐的主要敌帅之一;“若绝城”一词,实为“督盗贼”之误释。诸如此类,对解决目前释文中存在的症结有释疑作用。

The Han dynasty slips from Majuanwan are very hard to interpret due to the poor conditions under which they have been conserved and the cursive style of writing.Careful comparison with similar characters from related documents has aided greatly in interpretation,the results of which have yielded important information about the exchanges between the Han dynasty and the Western Regions.The word tasha(遝沙)means the generals of the Yanqi army,a term similar to that for the southern general of the Xiongnu armies,the tasha were the main target of attack in the wars of the Tianfeng era.Luzhen(虏政)refers to one of the military governors of the enemy forces.Ruojuecheng(若绝城)is actually a misinterpretation of dudaozei(督盗贼),which is the title of a prefectural military position.The clarification of such terms is helpful for resolving doubts and achieving greater accuracy in textual interpretation.