保护规范理论的引入抑或误用——刘广明诉张家港市人民政府行政复议案再检讨

The Introduction or Misuse of Protection Norms Theory:Review of Liu Guangming v.Zhangjiagang Municipal Government

刘广明案引入保护规范理论,为原告资格的利害关系判断标准提供了新思路,但也反映出最高人民法院对保护规范理论的适用前提和作用范围仍不明确。在利害关系的判断层次中,保护规范理论用于查明主观公权利以排除反射利益,而不用于确定被诉行政行为对既存权益的侵害可能性;前者关注私益保护指向的规范解释,后者关注因果关系确定性与紧迫性的事实判断。当起诉人诉请保护的合法权益已获得法律规范或司法实践的承认,则保护规范理论无适用必要。

Liu Guangming's case introduces the theory of protection norms,which provides a new idea for the judgment criteria of the plaintiff s qualifications,but it also reflects the problem of this theory s application.The theory is used to distinguish between public rights and reflective interests but does not solve the problem that existing rights may be infringed by the administrative actions being sued.The former focuses on the objective of the protection of individual interests through the interpretation of norms,while the latter emphasizes the certainty and urgency of causality through the determination of fact.When the prosecutor claims rights and interests that have been recognized by law or judicial practice,the theory is not applicable.