地震作用下高速铁路车-轨-桥系统安全研究进展

Research progress of train-track-bridge system safety of high-speed railway under earthquake action

桥梁占线比高、列车运行密度大及地震带分布范围广,使得我国高速铁路桥梁面临巨大的潜在地震威胁。目前地震下的高速铁路桥梁及桥上行车安全相关规定不够详细具体,地震下安全防控尚未将列车、轨道、桥梁作为一个大系统进行安全设防,亟待开展系统研究保障地震下高速铁路桥梁结构及桥上行车安全。针对高速铁路轨道-桥梁系统结构特性,首先介绍地震作用下高速铁路轨道-桥梁系统破坏特征和损伤机理研究现状,然后从震后高速铁路桥上轨道不平顺状态劣化机理、地震作用下高速铁路列车-轨道-桥梁系统动力分析、地震作用后桥上行车安全分析及基于性能的高速铁路桥梁抗震设计方法等几个方面阐述现有研究进展及现有研究的不足,最后针对地震下高速铁路列车-轨道-桥梁系统多状态多水准多防线安全防控急需开展系统研究的问题进行展望。

The high bridge occupation ratio, the large train operating density and the wide distribution range of the seismic zone make the high-speed railway bridges in China suffer huge potential earthquake threats.At present, the relevant regulations on the safety of high-speed railway bridges and running safety on the bridges under earthquake are not detailed or specific enough.Safety prevention and controlling under earthquake fail to take trains, tracks and bridges as a large system for safety fortification.It is urgent to carry out systematic research to ensure the safety of high-speed railway bridge structures and running safety on the bridges under earthquake.Aiming at the structural characteristics of the high-speed railway track-bridge system, the research status of the damage characteristics and damage mechanism of high-speed railway track-bridge system under earthquake is introduced firstly.Then,the progress and deficiencies of current researches are stated from the aspects of the deterioration mechanism of the track irregularity on the high-speed railway bridge after earthquake, the dynamic analysis of the train-track-bridge system of the high-speed railway under earthquake, the safety analysis of running safety on the bridges after earthquake and the seismic design method of high-speed railway bridges based on performance.Finally, the problems of multi-state, multi-level, multi-defense line security prevention and control in high-speed railway train-track-bridge system under earthquake that urgently need to be studied systematically are prospected.