我国成年居民饮酒行为与血脂异常关系研究

Relationship between drinking behavior and dyslipidemia in adults in China

目的分析中国成年居民不同饮酒行为与血脂异常的关系。方法利用2013年中国慢性病及其危险因素监测数据,使用基于复杂抽样设计的二分类logistic回归模型分别探讨饮酒行为与高甘油三脂(TG)血症、高总胆固醇(TC)血症、高低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)血症和低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)血症的关系。结果与从不饮酒者相比,男性少量饮酒(a OR=1.16,95%CI:1.06~1.28)和过量饮酒者(a OR=1.64,95%CI:1.43~1.89)患高TG血症的风险较高,女性过量饮酒者患高TG血症的风险较高(a OR=1.67,95%CI:1.07~2.63);男性少量饮酒(a OR=0.82,95%CI:0.74~0.91)和过量饮酒者(a OR=0.60,95%CI:0.53~0.67)患低HDL-C血症的风险均较低;男性过量饮酒者患高TC血症(a OR=1.36,95%CI:1.19~1.56)的风险较高。男性任何频率的饮酒患高TG血症的高风险均较高,患低HDL-C血症的风险均较低;男性饮酒频率1~4 d/周者(a OR=1.16,95%CI:1.01~1.33)和5~7 d/周者(a OR=1.34,95%CI:1.17~1.53)患高TC血症的风险高于从不饮酒者,女性饮酒频率5~7 d/周者患低HDL-C血症的风险较低(a OR=0.70,95%CI:0.53~0.92)。男性饮白酒(只饮白酒:a OR=1.34,95%CI:1.20~1.48;不仅饮白酒:a OR=1.33,95%CI:1.19~1.49)患高TG血症的风险较高,只饮白酒(a OR=1.27,95%CI:1.04~1.57)患高TC血症的风险较高;男性(a OR=0.82,95%CI:0.68~0.98)和女性(a OR=0.61,95%CI:0.47~0.78)只饮啤酒者患高TC血症的风险均较低,女性只饮啤酒者患高LDL-C血症(a OR=0.77,95%CI:0.60~0.98)的风险较低。结论不同饮酒行为对血脂指标的影响不同,男性少量饮酒和过量饮酒者患高TG血症的风险较高,女性过量饮酒者患高TG血症的风险较高;男性少量饮酒和过量饮酒者患低HDL-C血症的风险均较低,在女性中没有此关联。

Objective To evaluate the relationship between different drinking behaviors and risk for dyslipidemia in adults in China. Methods Data was from the China Chronic Disease and Risk Factors Surveillance in 2013. A binary Logistic regression model based on complex sampling design was used to investigate the relationship between drinking behavior and hypertriglyceridemia, hypercholesteremia, high LDL-C, low HDL-C. Results Compared with non-drinkers, both light drinking(a OR=1.16, 95% CI: 1.06–1.28) and heavy drinking(a OR=1.64, 95% CI: 1.43–1.89) had higher risks for hypertriglyceridemia in men, while only heavy drinking had higher risk for hypertriglyceridemia in women(a OR=1.67,95% CI: 1.07–2.63). Both light drinking(a OR=0.82, 95% CI: 0.74–0.91) and heavy drinking(a OR=0.60, 95% CI:0.53–0.67) were associated with lower risk for low HDL-C in men, while heavy drinking had higher risk for hypercholesteremia in men(a OR=1.36, 95% CI: 1.19–1.56). Alcohol consumption at any frequency in men was associated with higher risk for hypertriglyceridemia and lower risk for low HDL-C. Men who drank 1–4 d/week(a OR=1.16, 95% CI:1.01–1.33) and drank 5–7 d/week(a OR=1.34, 95% CI: 1.17–1.53) had higher risk for hypercholesteremia than those who never drank. Women who drank 5–7 d/week had lower risk for low HDL-C(a OR=0.70, 95% CI: 0.53–0.92). In men, liquor consumption was associated with higher risk for hypertriglyceridemia(only liquor: a OR=1.34, 95% CI: 1.20–1.48, not only liquor: a OR=1.33, 95%CI: 1.19–1.49), and only liquor consumption(a OR=1.27, 95% CI: 1.04–1.57) was associated with higher risk for hypercholesteremia. Only beer consumption was associated with lower risk for hypercholesteremia in both men(a OR=0.82, 95% CI: 0.68–0.98) and women(a OR=0.61, 95% CI: 0.47–0.78), and only beer consumption was also associated with lower risk for high LDL-C in women(a OR=0.77, 95% CI: 0.60–0.98). Conclusion Different drinking behaviors have different influences on serum lipid profiles of people. Both light drinking and heavy drinking have higher risk for hypertriglyceridemia in men, while only heavy drinking have higher risk for hypertriglyceridemia in women. Both light drinking and heavy drinking are associated with lower risk for low HDL-C in men, no such association was observed in women.