“形制”一词在传统建筑研究中的应用

The Application of the Word“Architecture-Feature”in the Study of Traditional Architecture

从多学科对术语“形制”一词的应用比较开始,分析当代中国传统建筑研究领域中对“形制”一词的应用现状及其名义差别,提出了该词在应用过程中存在的术语含混性问题,以及该词作为建筑学术语在特定时期被赋能的需求性问题。通过文献溯源与分析,对“形制”一词的名义进行了考辨与历史用法的梳理,总结了建筑“形制”的真正名义是一种关系特征,即建筑营造过程中的匠意、建成后建筑形态样式所展现的匠技二者与实时营造制度之间关系的特征。

Starting from the comparison of the application of the term“architecture-feature”among different disciplines,this paper analyzes the current situation of the application of the word“architecture-feature”in the field of contemporary Chinese traditional architectural research and its meaning differences,and puts forward the problem of terminology ambiguity in the application process of the word,as well as the question of the demand for the word to be empowered in a specific period as an architectural term.Through literature tracing and analysis,this paper makes a textual research on the meaning of“architecture-feature”and a sort of historical usage,and concludes that the real meaning of“architecture-feature”is a kind of relationship feature,that is,the relationship between craftsman ingenuity in the process of building construction,craftsmanship displayed by architectural form after completion and real-time construction system.