三层组合式高承载缓冲垫力学性能研究

Mechanical Properties of Three-layer Combined High Bearing Cushion

目的为提高大型低速风洞建设过程中移动设备支撑缓冲垫的承载和隔振能力,对新型弹性材料Fabreeka Pad以及由其与钢和减摩材料粘接组合的三层式缓冲垫的力学性能进行研究。方法对该材料和缓冲垫样件进行静态压缩和剪切试验,获得应力-变形曲线和能承受的最大剪切力;对缓冲垫样件进行静摩擦试验,得到其减摩层与不锈钢板间的静摩擦因数。结果该材料和缓冲垫的应力-变形曲线均具有明显的非线性特征,同时将加载载荷下缓冲垫的变形量设计在1.1 mm内;剪切破坏未发生在粘结缝处,且缓冲垫能承受的最大剪切力为2.7 kN;减摩层与表面粗糙度为12.75的钢板间的静摩擦因数为0.141,且其不随加载速度的变化而出现较大波动。结论三层式缓冲垫具有优良的隔振和竖向承载能力,抗剪能力强,且静摩擦因数小,能满足设备的移动要求,可应用于大、中型设备可移动支撑的减振设计。

The work aims to improve the load-bearing and vibration isolation capacity of mobile equipment support cushion in the construction process of large-scale low-speed wind tunnel by studying the mechanical properties of a new elastic material Fabreeka Pad and a three-layer cushion composed of steel,elastic material and antifriction material.Static compression and shear tests were carried out on the material and cushion samples to obtain the stress-deformation curves and the maximum shear force that can be borne.Static friction tests were carried out on cushion samples to obtain the static friction coefficient between the friction reducing layer and the stainless steel plate.The stress-deformation curves of the material and the cushion had obvious nonlinear characteristics.At the same time,the deformation of the cushion under the design load was within 1.1 mm.The shear failure did not occur at the bonding joint,and the maximum shear force that the cushion could bear was 2.7 kN.The static friction coefficient between the antifriction layer and the steel plate with the surface roughness of 12.75 was 0.141,which did not fluctuate greatly with the change of the loading speed.The three-layer cushion has excellent vibration isolation and vertical bearing capacity and strong shear resistance and small static friction coefficient,which meets the moving requirements of the equipment,and can be applied to the vibration reduction design of movable supports of large and medium-sized equipment.