江山八法:基于数字化信息图谱的山水城市设计探索——以杭州钱塘江两岸地区为例

Eight Methods of Landscape Design:Exploration of Landscape Urban Design Based on Digital Information Map—Taking Hangzhou Qiantang River Area as an Example

山水城市是传承了中国传统的山水自然观、天人合一哲学观的城市范型,山水城市大尺度空间城市设计涉及地形地貌、山水形胜、人文文化、生态景观、河湖水文、空间形态和城市风貌等复杂系统,在城市设计实践中很难全盘把握。从数字化信息图谱视角,包括城市物理环境、山水格局、历史文脉、生境网络、空间形态、生态修复、空间特色,以及风貌意象在内的城市各系统的多源异构数据进行数字化集成及综合问题判定,并将这一数字化分析方法称为"江山八法"。在此基础上,选取杭州山水城市的核心线性要素——钱塘江两岸地区作为研究对象,将其置于城市的发展骨架中进行解析,结合多源大数据引领的数字化技术簇群,通过对钱塘江"大山水画卷"和"大人文画卷"的双重核心价值判定,以"江山八法"为代表的数字化景观提升关键技术的应用与反馈,以期为后续的山水城市设计等提供精准、可靠的参考依据。

Landscape city is an urban paradigm that inherits the traditional view of natural landscape and the philosophy of the integration of nature and human.Large-scale spatial urban design of landscape city involves complex systems such as topography,landscape,humanistic culture,ecological landscape,river hydrology,spatial morphology,and urban landscape,etc.,which is difficult to fully handle in urban design practice.This paper takes the perspective of digital information map and makes a digital integration of multi-source heterogeneous data including urban physical environment,landscape pattern,historical context,habitat network,space morphology,ecological restoration,spatial characteristics and landscape image.Then it conducts the comprehensive problem determination and names the digital analysis method as"eight methods of landscape design".On this basis,this paper selects the core linear element in Hangzhou landscape city–Qiantang River area–as the research subject and places it in the framework of urban development for parsing.Then it combines the digital technology cluster lead by multi-source big data and researches on the application as well as feedback of key technologies of digital landscape improvement represented by"eight methods of landscape design"based on the dual-core value judgement of"big landscape painting"and"big humanity painting".Finally,it aims at providing accurate and reliable reference for the following landscape urban design.