自然区域景观特征识别及其价值评估——以青海湖流域为例

Landscape Character Identification and Its ValueAssessment in Natural Areas: A Case Study ofQinghai Lake Basin

近年来,随着中国对自然区域保护重视程度的提升,以国家公园为主体的自然保护地体系的建设与研究被提上日程。目前,国家公园的申报设立条件、划定准确边界和内部功能分区的标准尚在探索中。为实现国家公园的自然生态系统整体保护和自然资源永续利用,需寻求一个系统的语言来识别、描述和评估区域内生态系统基本单元的特征。以青海湖流域为例,基于景观特征评估(Landscape Character Assessment,LCA)理论,结合中国实际情况,试图构建一套适用于流域生态系统的景观特征评估方法,尝试对青海湖流域的特征要素进行识别、绘制、分类和描述,以及价值评估。最后阐述了景观特征识别和价值评估结果在建设国家公园过程中的应用,以期为国家公园的申报、规划提供依据。

In recent years,with the increasing emphasis on China's protection of natural areas,the construction and research of natural protection land systems with national parks as the main body has been put on the agenda.At present,the standards for the establishment of national parks,the delineation of accurate boundaries and the internal functional division are still under investigation.In order to achieve the overall protection of the natural ecosystems of the national parks and the sustainable use of natural resources,a systematic language is needed to identify,describe and evaluate the characteristics of the basic units of the ecosystem within the region.Taking the Qinghai Lake Basin as an example,this study attempts to construct a set of landscape character assessment methods suitable for watershed ecosystems based on the Landscape Character Assessment(LCA)theory and the actual situation in China,and try to identify,map,classify and describe the characteristics of the Qinghai Lake basin,as well as value assessment.Finally,the application of landscape feature recognition results and value evaluation results in the process of building national parks is expounded,in order to provide basis for the declaration and planning of national parks.