恩格斯对广义政治经济学的研究及其当代意义——纪念恩格斯诞辰200周年

Engels’ Research on Political Economy in Broad Sense and Its Contemporary Significance——Commemorating the 200th Anniversary of Engels’ Birth

在马克思主义政治经济学史上,恩格斯最先提出并奠定了广义政治经济学的基础理论和根本方法。"政治经济学本质上是一门历史的科学",是广义和狭义政治经济学划分的基本立足点。在资本主义经济关系为主体的社会中,狭义政治经济学就是资本主义政治经济学;广义政治经济学则至少有两种形式:一是对资本主义经济关系"之前的"经济关系的研究,二是对"在不太发达的国家内和这些形式同时并存的"经济关系的研究。恩格斯还对"过渡时期"和未来社会经济关系的广义政治经济学作过深入探讨。在当代中国,居于"主体"的社会主义政治经济学是中国的狭义政治经济学。21世纪马克思主义广义政治经济学还应包括当代资本主义政治经济学和人类命运共同体的政治经济学,同中国特色社会主义政治经济学一起,是中国特色"系统化经济学说"的有机组成部分。

In the history of Marxist political economy,Engels first proposed and laid the basic theory and fundamental method of political economy in board sense."Political economy is essentially a historical science",which is the basic standpoint of the distinction between political economy in broad sense and political economy in narrow sense.In a society where capitalist economic relations are the mainstay,political economy in the narrow sense is capitalist political economy;political economy in broad sense has at least two forms:one is the study of the"previous"economic relations of capitalist economic relations;the second is the study of economic relations"coexisting with these forms in less developed countries".Engels also made an in-depth discussion on political economy in board sense of the"transition period"and the future socioeconomic relationship.In contemporary China,the socialist political economy that resides in the"main body"is China’s political economy in narrow sense.The 21 st century Marxist political economy in board sense should also include contemporary capitalist political economy and the political economy of a community with shared future for mankind.Together with the political economy of socialism with Chinese characteristics,it is an organic part of the"systematic economic theory"with Chinese characteristics.