濒危植物长裂太行菊及其土壤中主要金属元素的分布特征

Distribution Characteristics of Metallic Elements in Plant and Soil of Endangered Opisthopapus longilobus

本文以濒危植物长裂太行菊为研究对象,测定了11个样地土壤及植株中12种金属元素的含量,并分析植株与土壤中对应金属元素含量之间的关系.研究结果表明:1)长裂太行菊分布区土壤pH值变化幅度小,处于中性或弱碱性范围.不同样地土壤及植株中各金属元素含量变化范围较宽,变异系数较高,表明长裂太行菊分布区土壤金属元素分布具有异质性特点,而长裂太行菊植株对此表现出一定的生态适应与调节能力;2)长裂太行菊土壤中,必需金属元素含量高低排序为Ca>Fe>K>Mn>Zn>Cu,非必需金属元素含量高低排序为Ti>Zr>Sr>Rb>V>Cr.其中,土壤K、Fe、Ti元素与其他大部分金属元素呈显著相关性;3)长裂太行菊植株体内,必需元素含量高低的排序为Ca>K>Fe>Mn>Zn>Cu,非必需元素含量高低排序为Ti>Sr>Zr>Rb>Cr>V.其中植株Ca、Fe、Ti元素与其他大部分元素之间呈显著相关性;4)生物吸收系数以K元素最高,其次为Zn、Cu、Ca、Sr、Cr、Mn、Rb元素,而Fe、Ti、Zr、V元素最低.总体而言,长裂太行菊土壤与植物中K、Ca、Zn、Ti、Rb元素之间关系密切而复杂,在濒危植物太行菊就地保护及迁地保育研究中值得进一步关注.

In the experiments,the contents of 12 kinds of metallic elements among 11 sample sites of endangered Opisthopapus longilobus were determined,and the correlation of metallic elements between the soil and plants was analyzed.The results showed that 1)the variation range of pH value in distribution areas soil of O.longilobus was rather small,and was in neutral or slightly alkaline environment.And the contents of metallic elements in the soil and plant of O.longilobus from different sample sites exhibited a wide range of variation,and their deviations were relatively high,which indicated that the distribution characteristic of metallic elements in natural habitat of O.longilobus was in difference and heterogeneity.Moreover,it could promote certain ecological adaptation and adjustment ability in O.longilobus.2)the contents of necessary metallic elements in the soil of O.longilobus by the following order:Ca>Fe>K>Mn>Zn>Cu,and the contents of unnecessary metallic elements in the soil of O.longilobus by the following order:Ti>Zr>Sr>Rb>V>Cr.Meanwhile,K,Fe,and Ti elements in the soils displayed significant correlations with most elements in soil.3)the contents of necessary metallic elements in the plant of O.longilobus by the following order:Ca>K>Fe>Mn>Zn>Cu,and the contents of unnecessary metallic elements in the soil of O.longilobus by the following order:Ti>Sr>Zr>Rb>Cr>V.Meanwhile,Ca,Fe,and Ti elements in the soils displayed significant correlations with most elements in soil.4)The biological absorption coefficient of K element was highest,followed by Zn,Cu,Ca,Sr,Cr,Mn and Rb element,while that of Fe、Ti、Zr and V element were relatively lower.In conclusion,some elements such as K、Ca、Zn、Ti and Rb elements were worth paying attention to and for further investigation in the studies of in-situ and ex-situ conservation of endangered O.longilobus since the relationship between them were more intimate and complicated.