光山县新型冠状病毒肺炎流行病学特征分析

Analysis on epidemiological characteristics on COVID-19 in Guangshan county

目的了解光山县新型冠状病毒肺炎(简称新冠肺炎)确诊病例流行病学特征,为制定新冠肺炎防控措施提供科学依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法对光山县2020年1月1日~3月1日新冠肺炎确诊病例疫情进行分析。结果光山县共报告新冠肺炎确诊病例32例,发病高峰集中在1月21日~2月5日,发病数24例,占全部病例的75.0%。输入性病例20例,占全部病例的62.5%。家庭聚集性病例6起13例。确诊病例中,男性19例,女性13例,男女发病比为1.46∶1。中位年龄为51(10~83)岁。报告的156例疑似病例密切接触者总计1008人,其中确诊病例的密切接触者在集中隔离医学观察管理期间发病2人。对重点人群进行了核酸检测共计3018人,其中IgG检测阳性人数为7人。结论新型冠状病毒肺炎发病与疫区暴露史有明显关联,发病年龄与参与社会活动有密切关系,聚集性发病现象突出。建议对疫区返回人员进行隔离管理,加强确诊病例密切接触者隔离医学观察管理,防止聚集性病例出现,对病例进行隔离治疗、对确诊病例密切接触者隔离医学观察管理是疫情防控工作的有效措施。在特殊人群中有一定数量的无症状感染者,需要加强对这部分人群的核酸检测,降低传播风险。

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of confirmed Corona Virus Disease 2019(COVID-19)cases in Guangshan county,so as to provide scientific basis for making prevention and control measures against it.Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the COVID-19 confirmed cases in Guangshan county from January 1 to March 1,2020.Results A total of 32 confirmed COVID-19 cases were reported in Guangshan County.The peak incidence was concentrated from January 21 to February 5,2020,and the number of cases was 24 cases,accounting for 75.0%of all cases.There were 6 family clusters,with 13 confirmed cases.Among the confirmed cases,there were 19 males and 13 females,and the incidence ratio for male-to-female was 1.46∶1.The median age was 51(10-83)years.A total of 1008 close contacts of 156 suspected cases were reported.Among them,2 of the close contacts of confirmed cases got COVID-19 during the period of centralized isolation medical observation and management.The nucleic acid tests were carried out in 3018 persons of the key populations,among which 7 were IgG positive.Conclusion The incidence of COVID-19 is significantly associated with exposure history in epidemic areas,the age of onset is closely related to participation in social activities,an the inciddence of clustering is prominent.It is suggested that the effective measures for epidemic prevention and control include isolation management of returning personnel in epidemic areas,strengthening isolation medical observation management of close contacts of confirmed cases,preventing the emergence of clustered cases,isolating treatment of cases and isolating medical observation management of close contacts of confirmed cases.There are a number of asymptomatic persons in special population,so nucleic acid test should be strengthened in this population to reduce the risk of transmission.