近25年营口浮渡河口湿地景观格局演变过程及驱动因素分析

Analysis on the Evolution Process and Driving Factors of Wetland Landscape Pattern in Yingkou Fudu Estuary in Recent 25 Years

文章通过提取1992年、2007年、2017年三期春季大潮营口浮渡河口遥感影像景观图斑,总结了近25年营口浮渡河口湿地景观格局演变过程,分析了演变的驱动因素。25年间,受人类活动的影响,浮渡河口湿地景观格局出现破碎化现象,系统形成机制遭到破坏,造成河口沙坝-潟湖景观割裂和缩减,湿地生态系统已受到严重影响。对此,文章建议在深入理解浮渡河口湿地景观形成机制、规律及驱动因素的基础上,采取"源头管控""河岸加固""构筑物清理"的修复治理措施以恢复其形成机制,使河口湿地生态系统得到修复。

In this paper,remote sensing image landscape spots of Yingkou Fudu Estuary during the spring tides of 1992,2007 and 2017 were extracted to summarize the evolution process of wetland landscape pattern in that area in the past 25 years,and the driving factors of evolution were analyzed.In the past 25 years,due to the influence of human activities,the wetland landscape pattern in Fudu Estuary has been fragmented,and the formation mechanism of the system has been damaged,which has resulted in the fragmentation and reduction of the sandbar-lagoon landscape in the estuary,and the wetland ecosystem has been seriously affected.Therefore,this paper suggested that on the basis of a thorough understanding of the formation mechanism,rules and driving factors of the wetland landscape in Fudu Estuary,the restoration and management measures such as"source control","bank reinforcement"and"structure cleaning"should be adopted to restore the formation mechanism and the ecosystem of the estuary wetland.